Development of Dutch
Dutch, like other Germanic languages, is conventionally divided into three phases. In the development of Dutch these phases were:
- 600/650–1150: Old Dutch
- 1150–1500: Middle Dutch (also called Dietsch in popular use, though not by linguists)
- 1500–present: Modern Dutch (saw the creation of the Dutch standard language and includes contemporary Dutch)
Low-Franconian varieties are also spoken in the German area along the Rhine between Cologne and the border between Germany and the Netherlands. During the 19th and 20th centuries these dialects have partly and gradually been replaced by today's Standard German. Sometimes, Low Franconian is grouped together with Low German. However, since this grouping is not based on common linguistic innovations, but rather on the absence of the High German consonant shift and Anglo-Frisian features, modern linguistic reference books do not group them together.
Read more about this topic: Low Franconian Languages
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