Liu Yongfu (simplified Chinese: 刘永福; traditional Chinese: 劉永福; pinyin: Liú Yǒngfú; Wade–Giles: Liu Yung-fu; Vietnamese: Lưu Vĩnh Phúc) (1837–1917) was a Chinese soldier of fortune and commander of the celebrated Black Flag Army. Liu won fame as a Chinese patriot fighting against the French in northern Vietnam (Tonkin) in the 1870s and early 1880s. During the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885) he established a close friendship with the Chinese statesman and general Tang Ching-sung, and in 1895 he helped Tang organise resistance to the Japanese invasion of Taiwan. He succeeded Tang as the second and last leader of the short-lived Republic of Formosa (5 June–21 October 1895).
Read more about Liu Yongfu: Early Years, Black Flags Versus Yellow Flags, Liu Yongfu and Francis Garnier, Liu Yongfu and Henri Rivière, Son Tay, Bac Ninh and Hung Hoa, Tuyen Quang and Hoa Moc, Defence of The Democratic Republic of Formosa, Final Years, Legacy