South America
- Argentina
- President -
- Jorge Rafael Videla, President of Argentina (1976–1981)
- Roberto Eduardo Viola, President of Argentina (1981)
- Carlos Lacoste, Interim President of Argentina (1981)
- Leopoldo Galtieri, President of Argentina (1981–1982)
- President -
- Bolivia
- President -
- Luis García Meza Tejada, President of Bolivia (1980–1981)
- Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces, Head of State of Bolivia (1981)
- Celso Torrelio, President of Bolivia (1981–1982)
- President -
- Brazil
- President -
- João Figueiredo, President of Brazil (1979–1985)
- Aureliano Chaves, Acting President of Brazil (1981)
- President -
- Chile
- President - Augusto Pinochet, President of Chile (1973–1990)
- Colombia
- President - Julio César Turbay Ayala, President of Colombia (1978–1982)
- Ecuador
- President -
- Jaime Roldós Aguilera, President of Ecuador (1979–1981)
- Osvaldo Hurtado, President of Ecuador (1981–1984)
- President -
- Falkland Islands (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Rex Hunt, Governor of the Falkland Islands (1980–1982)
- Guyana
- President - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (1980–1985)
- Prime Minister - Ptolemy Reid, Prime Minister of Guyana (1980–1984)
- Paraguay
- President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954–1989)
- Peru
- President - Fernando Belaúnde Terry, President of Peru (1980–1985)
- Prime Minister - Manuel Ulloa Elías, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1980–1982)
- Suriname
- De facto leader - Dési Bouterse, Chairman of the National Military Council (1980–1988)
- President - Hendrick Chin A Sen, President of Suriname (1980–1982)
- Prime Minister - Hendrick Chin A Sen, Prime Minister of Suriname (1980–1982)
- Uruguay
- President -
- Aparicio Méndez, President of Uruguay (1976–1981)
- Gregorio Conrado Álvarez, President of Uruguay (1981–1985)
- President -
- Venezuela
- President - Luis Herrera Campins, President of Venezuela (1979–1984)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1981
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