List of State Leaders in 1978 - Asia

Asia

  • Afghanistan
    • Republic of Afghanistan changed name to Democratic Republic of Afghanistan on 30 April 1978
    • Head of State -
      1. Mohammed Daoud Khan, President of Afghanistan (1973–1978)
      2. Abdul Qadir Dagarwal, Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of the Armed Forces of Afghanistan (1978)
      3. Nur Mohammad Taraki, Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of Afghanistan (1978–1979)
    • Prime Minister - Nur Mohammad Taraki, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1978–1979)
  • Bahrain
    • Monarch - Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain (1961–1999)
    • Prime Minister - Sheikh Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970–present)
  • Bangladesh -
    • President - Ziaur Rahman, President of Bangladesh (1977–1981)
    • Prime Minister - Mashiur Rahman, Senior Minister of Bangladesh (1978–1979)
  • Bhutan
    • Monarch - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972–2006)
  • Brunei (British protected state)
    • High Commissioner -
      1. James Alfred Davidson, British High Commissioner in Brunei (1975–1978)
      2. Arthur Christopher Watson, British High Commissioner in Brunei (1978–1984)
    • Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
    • Chief Minister - Pengiran Dipa Negara Laila Diraja Pengiran Abdul Mumin, Chief Minister of Brunei (1972–1981)
  • Burma
    • President - Ne Win, President of Burma (1962–1981)
    • Prime Minister - Maung Maung Kha, Prime Minister of Burma (1977–1988)
  • China (People's Republic of China)
    • De facto leader - Deng Xiaoping (late 1970s - early 1990s)
    • Communist Party Leader - Hua Guofeng, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (1976–1981)
    • De facto Head of State -
      1. the Vice Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (acting collective head of state during vacancy) (1976–1978)
      2. Ye Jianying, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (1978–1983)
    • Premier - Hua Guofeng, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1976–1980)
  • Hong Kong (British crown colony)
    • Governor - Sir Murray MacLehose, Governor of Hong Kong (1971–1982)
  • India -
    • President - Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, President of India (1977–1982)
    • Prime Minister - Morarji Desai, Prime Minister of India (1977–1979)
  • Indonesia
    • President - Suharto, President of Indonesia (1967–1998)
  • Iran
    • Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941–1979)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Jamshid Amouzegar, Prime Minister of Iran (1977–1978)
      2. Jafar Sharif-Emami, Prime Minister of Iran (1978)
      3. Gholam Reza Azhari, Prime Minister of Iran (1978–1979)
  • Iraq
    • President - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, President of Iraq (1968–1979)
    • Prime Minister - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, Prime Minister of Iraq (1968–1979)
  • Israel
    • President -
      1. Ephraim Katzir, President of Israel (1973–1978)
      2. Yitzhak Navon, President of Israel (1978–1983)
    • Prime Minister - Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel (1977–1983)
  • Japan
    • Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Takeo Fukuda, Prime Minister of Japan (1976–1978)
      2. Masayoshi Ōhira, Prime Minister of Japan (1978–1980)
  • Jordan
    • Monarch - Hussein, King of Jordan (1952–1999)
    • Prime Minister - Mudar Badran, Prime Minister of Jordan (1976–1979)
  • Kampuchea
    • Head of State - Khieu Samphan, President of the State Presidium of Kampuchea (1976–1979)
    • Prime Minister - Pol Pot, Prime Minister of Kampuchea (1976–1979)
  • North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
    • Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party (1948–1994)
    • President - Kim Il-sung, President of North Korea (1972–1994)
    • Premier - Li Jong-ok, Premier of North Korea (1977–1984)
  • South Korea (Republic of Korea)
    • President - Park Chung-hee, President of South Korea (1962–1979)
    • Prime Minister - Choi Kyu-hah, Prime Minister of South Korea (1975–1979)
  • Kuwait
    • Monarch - Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1977–2006)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1965–1978)
      2. Sheikh Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1978–2003)
  • Laos
    • Communist Party Leader - Kaysone Phomvihane, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (1975–1992)
    • President - Souphanouvong, President of Laos (1975–1991)
    • Premier - Kaysone Phomvihane, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Laos (1975–1991)
  • Lebanon
    • President - Elias Sarkis, President of Lebanon (1976–1982)
    • Prime Minister - Selim al-Hoss, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1976–1980)
  • Macau (overseas province of Portugal)
    • Governor - José Garcia Leandro, Governor of Macau (1974–1979)
  • Malaysia
    • Monarch - Sultan Yahya Petra, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (1975–1979)
    • Prime Minister - Hussein Onn, Prime Minister of Malaysia (1976–1981)
  • Maldives
    • President -
      1. Ibrahim Nasir, President of the Maldives (1968–1978)
      2. Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of the Maldives (1978–2008)
  • Mongolia
    • Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1958–1984)
    • Head of State - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia (1974–1984)
    • Premier - Jambyn Batmönkh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1974–1984)
  • Nepal
    • Monarch - Birendra, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
    • Prime Minister - Kirti Nidhi Bista, Prime Minister of Nepal (1977–1979)
  • Oman
    • Monarch - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
    • Prime Minister - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
  • Pakistan -
    • President -
      1. Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, President of Pakistan (1973–1978)
      2. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, President of Pakistan (1978–1988)
    • Head of Government - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Chief Martial Law Administrator of Pakistan (1977–1985)
  • Philippines
    • President - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (1965–1986)
    • Prime Minister - Ferdinand Marcos, Prime Minister of the Philippines (1978–1981)
  • Qatar
    • Monarch - Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1972–1995)
    • Prime Minister - Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1970–1995)
  • Saudi Arabia
    • Monarch - Khalid, King of Saudi Arabia (1975–1982)
    • Prime Minister - Khalid, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1975–1982)
  • Singapore
    • President - Benjamin Henry Sheares, President of Singapore (1971–1981)
    • Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (1959–1990)
  • Sri Lanka
    • President -
      1. William Gopallawa, President of Sri Lanka (1962–1978)
      2. Junius Richard Jayewardene, President of Sri Lanka (1978–1989)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Junius Richard Jayewardene, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (1977–1978)
      2. Ranasinghe Premadasa, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (1978–1989)
  • Syria
    • President - Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (1971–2000)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Abdul Rahman Kleifawi, Prime Minister of Syria (1976–1978)
      2. Muhammad Ali al-Halabi, Prime Minister of Syria (1978–1980)
  • Taiwan (Republic of China)
    • President -
      1. Yen Chia-kan, President of the Republic of China (1975–1978)
      2. Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Republic of China (1978–1988)
    • Premier -
      1. Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1972–1978)
      2. Sun Yun-suan, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1978–1984)
  • Thailand
    • Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–present)
    • Prime Minister - Kriangsak Chomanan, Prime Minister of Thailand (1977–1980)
  • Turkey
    • President - Fahri Korutürk, President of Turkey (1973–1980)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Süleyman Demirel, Prime Minister of Turkey (1977–1978)
      2. Bülent Ecevit, Prime Minister of Turkey (1978–1979)
  • United Arab Emirates
    • President - Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (1971–2004)
    • Prime Minister - Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1971–1979)
  • Vietnam
    • Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1960–1986)
    • President - Tôn Đức Thắng, President of Vietnam (1969–1980)
    • Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam (1955–1987)
  • North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic)
    • President -
      1. Ahmed al-Ghashmi, President of North Yemen (1977–1978)
      2. Abdul Karim Abdullah al-Arashi, President of North Yemen (1978)
      3. Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of North Yemen (1978–2012)
    • Prime Minister - Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1975–1980)
  • South Yemen (People's Democratic Republic of Yemen)
    • Communist Party Leader - Abdul Fattah Ismail, Secretary-General of the Yemeni Socialist Party (1978–1980)
    • Head of State -
      1. Salim Rubai Ali, Chairman of the Presidential Council of South Yemen (1969–1978)
      2. Ali Nasir Mohammed, Chairman of the Presidential Council of South Yemen (1978)
      3. Abdul Fattah Ismail, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council of South Yemen (1978–1980)
    • Prime Minister - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Prime Minister of South Yemen (1971–1986)

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