List of State Leaders in 1974 - Europe

Europe

  • Albania
    • Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
    • Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982)
    • Premier - Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)
  • Andorra
    • Monarchs -
      • French Co-Prince -
        1. Georges Pompidou, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1969–1974)
        2. Alain Poher, Acting French Co-Prince of Andorra (1974)
        3. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1974–1981)
      • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971–2003)
    • First Syndic - Julià Reig Ribó, First Syndic of Andorra (1972–1978)
  • Austria
    • President -
      1. Franz Jonas, Federal President of Austria (1965–1974)
      2. Bruno Kreisky, Acting Federal President of Austria (1974)
      3. Rudolf Kirchschläger, Federal President of Austria (1974–1986)
    • Chancellor - Bruno Kreisky, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1970–1983)
  • Belgium
    • Monarch - Baudouin, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Edmond Leburton, Prime Minister of Belgium (1973–1974)
      2. Leo Tindemans, Prime Minister of Belgium (1974–1978)
  • Bulgaria
    • Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954–1989)
    • Head of State - Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the Council of State of Bulgaria (1971–1989)
    • Premier - Stanko Todorov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1971–1981)
  • Cyprus
    • President -
      1. Makarios III, President of Cyprus (1960–1974)
      2. Nikos Sampson, President of Cyprus (1974)
      3. Makarios III, President of Cyprus (1974–1977)
  • Czechoslovakia
    • Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák, General Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1969–1987)
    • President - Ludvík Svoboda, President of Czechoslovakia (1968–1975)
    • Prime Minister - Lubomír Štrougal, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970–1988)
  • Denmark
    • Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
    • Prime Minister - Poul Hartling, Prime Minister of Denmark (1973–1975)
  • Finland
    • President - Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland (1956–1981)
    • Prime Minister - Kalevi Sorsa, Prime Minister of Finland (1972–1975)
  • France
    • President -
      1. Georges Pompidou, President of France (1969–1974)
      2. Alain Poher, Acting President of France (1974)
      3. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, President of France (1974–1981)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Pierre Messmer, Prime Minister of France (1973–1974)
      2. Jacques Chirac, Prime Minister of France (1974–1976)
  • East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
    • Communist Party Leader - Erich Honecker, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1971–1989)
    • Head of State - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1973–1976)
    • Premier - Horst Sindermann, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1973–1976)
  • West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
    • President -
      1. Gustav Heinemann, Federal President of West Germany (1969–1974)
      2. Walter Scheel, Federal President of West Germany (1974–1979)
    • Chancellor -
      1. Willy Brandt, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1969–1974)
      2. Walter Scheel, Acting Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1974)
      3. Helmut Schmidt, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1974–1982)
  • Greece
    • President -
      1. Phaedon Gizikis, President of Greece (1973–1974)
      2. Michail Stasinopoulos, President of Greece (1974–1975)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Adamantios Androutsopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (1973–1974)
      2. Konstantinos Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (1974–1980)
  • Hungary
    • Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956–1988)
    • Head of State - Pál Losonczi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967–1987)
    • Premier - Jenő Fock, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1967–1975)
  • Iceland
    • President - Kristján Eldjárn, President of Iceland (1968–1980)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Ólafur Jóhannesson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1971–1974)
      2. Geir Hallgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1974–1978)
  • Ireland -
    • President -
      1. Erskine Hamilton Childers, President of Ireland (1973–1974)
      2. Presidential Commission, Acting President of Ireland (1974)
      3. Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh, President of Ireland (1974–1976)
    • Prime Minister - Liam Cosgrave, Taoiseach of Ireland (1973–1977)
  • Italy
    • President - Giovanni Leone, President of Italy (1971–1978)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Mariano Rumor, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1973–1974)
      2. Aldo Moro, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1974–1976)
  • Liechtenstein
    • Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Alfred Hilbe, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1970–1974)
      2. Walter Kieber, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1974–1978)
  • Luxembourg
    • Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1954–1974)
      2. Gaston Thorn, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1974–1979)
  • Malta
    • the State of Malta was superseded by the Republic of Malta on 13 December 1974
    • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Malta (1964–1974)
    • Governor-General - Sir Anthony Mamo, Governor-General of Malta (1971–1974)
    • President - Sir Anthony Mamo, President of Malta (1974–1976)
    • Prime Minister - Dom Mintoff, Prime Minister of Malta (1971–1984)
  • Monaco
    • Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
    • Head of Government - André Saint-Mleux, Minister of State of Monaco (1972–1981)
  • Kingdom of the Netherlands
    • Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980)
    • Netherlands (constituent country)
      • Prime Minister - Joop den Uyl, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1973–1977)
    • Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
      • see under North America
    • Suriname (constituent country)
      • see under South America
  • Norway
    • Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957–1991)
    • Prime Minister - Trygve Bratteli, Prime Minister of Norway (1973–1976)
  • Poland
    • Communist Party Leader - Edward Gierek, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1970–1980)
    • Head of State - Henryk Jabłoński, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1972–1985)
    • Premier - Piotr Jaroszewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1970–1980)
  • Portugal
    • President -
      1. Américo Thomaz, President of Portugal (1958–1974)
      2. National Salvation Junta, Head of State of Portugal (1974)
      3. António de Spínola, President of Portugal (1974)
      4. Francisco da Costa Gomes, President of Portugal (1974–1976)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Marcello Caetano, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1968–1974)
      2. António de Spínola, President of the National Salvation Junta of Portugal (1974)
      3. Adelino da Palma Carlos, Prime Minister of Portugal (1974)
      4. Vasco Gonçalves, Prime Minister of Portugal (1974–1975)
  • Romania
    • Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965–1989)
    • President - Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of Romania (1967–1989)
    • Premier -
      1. Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1961–1974)
      2. Manea Mănescu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1974–1979)
  • San Marino
    • Captains Regent
      1. Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari and Giovan Luigi Franciosi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1973–March 1974)
      2. Ferruccio Piva and Giordano Bruno Reffi, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1974–September 1974)
      3. Francesco Valli and Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1974–March 1975)
  • Soviet Union
    • Communist Party leader - Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)
    • Head of State - Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1965–1977)
    • Premier - Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1964–1980)
  • Spain
    • Head of State -
      • Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
      • Prince Juan Carlos, Acting Head of State of Spain (1974)
    • Prime Minister - Carlos Arias Navarro, President of the Government of Spain (1973–1976)
  • Sweden
    • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustav, King of Sweden (1973–present)
    • Prime Minister - Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (1969–1976)
  • Switzerland
    • Swiss Federal Council:
      Rudolf Gnägi (1965–1979), Ernst Brugger (1969–1978, President), Pierre Graber (1970–1978), Kurt Furgler (1971–1986), Willy Ritschard (1973–1983), Hans Hürlimann (1973–1982), Georges-André Chevallaz (1973–1983)
  • United Kingdom
    • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1970–1974)
      2. Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1974–1976)
    • Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor -
        1. Sir Charles Mills, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1969–1974)
        2. Sir John Martin, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1974–1980)
      • Bailiff - Sir John Loveridge, Bailiff of Guernsey (1973–1982)
    • Jersey (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor -
        1. Sir John Gilbert Davis, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1969–1974)
        2. Sir Desmond Fitzpatrick, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1974–1979)
      • Bailiff - Sir Robert Hugh Le Masurier, Bailiff of Jersey (1962–1974)
    • Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor -
        1. Sir Peter Stallard, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1966–1974)
        2. Sir John Warburton Paul, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1974–1980)
      • Head of Government - Percy Radcliffe, Chairman of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man (1971–1977)
    • Gibraltar (British crown colony)
      • Governor - Sir John Grandy, Governor of Gibraltar (1973–1978)
      • Chief Minister - Sir Joshua Hassan, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1972–1987)
  • Vatican City
    • Monarch - Pope Paul VI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1963–1978)
    • President of the Governorate - Jean-Marie Villot, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1969–1979)
    • Holy See
      • Secretary of State - Jean-Marie Villot, Cardinal Secretary of State (1969–1979)
  • Yugoslavia
    • Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1945–1980)
    • President - Josip Broz Tito, President for Life of Yugoslavia (1953–1980)
    • Premier - Džemal Bijedić, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia (1971–1977)

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