List of State Leaders in 1968 - Europe

Europe

  • Albania
    • Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
    • Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982)
    • Premier - Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)
  • Andorra
    • Monarchs -
      • French Co-Prince - Charles de Gaulle, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1959–1969)
      • Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1943–1969)
    • First Syndic - Francesc Escudé Ferrero, First Syndic of Andorra (1966–1972)
  • Austria
    • President - Franz Jonas, Federal President of Austria (1965–1974)
    • Chancellor - Josef Klaus, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1964–1970)
  • Belgium
    • Monarch - Baudouin, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Paul Vanden Boeynants, Prime Minister of Belgium (1966–1968)
      2. Gaston Eyskens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1968–1973)
  • Bulgaria
    • Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954–1989)
    • Head of State - Georgi Traykov, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1964–1971)
    • Premier - Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1962–1971)
  • Cyprus
    • President - Makarios III, President of Cyprus (1960–1974)
  • Czechoslovakia
    • Communist Party Leader -
      1. Antonín Novotný, First Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1953–1968)
      2. Alexander Dubček, First Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1968–1969)
    • President -
      1. Antonín Novotný, President of Czechoslovakia (1957–1968)
      2. Ludvík Svoboda, President of Czechoslovakia (1968–1975)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Jozef Lenárt, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1963–1968)
      2. Oldřich Černík, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1968–1970)
  • Denmark
    • Monarch - Frederick IX, King of Denmark (1947–1972)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Jens Otto Krag, Prime Minister of Denmark (1962–1968)
      2. Hilmar Baunsgaard, Prime Minister of Denmark (1968–1971)
  • Finland
    • President - Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland (1956–1981)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Rafael Paasio, Prime Minister of Finland (1966–1968)
      2. Mauno Koivisto, Prime Minister of Finland (1968–1970)
  • France
    • President - Charles de Gaulle, President of France (1959–1969)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Georges Pompidou, Prime Minister of France (1962–1968)
      2. Maurice Couve de Murville, Prime Minister of France (1968–1969)
  • East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
    • Communist Party Leader - Walter Ulbricht, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1950–1971)
    • Head of State - Walter Ulbricht, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1960–1973)
    • Premier - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1964–1973)
  • West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
    • President - Heinrich Lübke, Federal President of West Germany (1959–1969)
    • Chancellor - Kurt Georg Kiesinger, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1966–1969)
  • Greece
    • Monarch - Constantine II, King of the Hellenes (1964–1973)
    • Regent - Georgios Zoitakis, Regent of Greece (1967–1972)
    • Prime Minister - Georgios Papadopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (1967–1973)
  • Hungary
    • Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956–1988)
    • Head of State - Pál Losonczi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967–1987)
    • Premier - Jenő Fock, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1967–1975)
  • Iceland
    • President -
      1. Ásgeir Ásgeirsson, President of Iceland (1952–1968)
      2. Kristján Eldjárn, President of Iceland (1968–1980)
    • Prime Minister - Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1963–1970)
  • Ireland
    • President - Éamon de Valera, President of Ireland (1959–1973)
    • Prime Minister - Jack Lynch, Taoiseach of Ireland (1966–1973)
  • Italy
    • President - Giuseppe Saragat, President of Italy (1964–1971)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Aldo Moro, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1963–1968)
      2. Giovanni Leone, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1968)
      3. Mariano Rumor, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1968–1970)
  • Liechtenstein
    • Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
    • Prime Minister - Gerard Batliner, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1962–1970)
  • Luxembourg
    • Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000)
    • Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1959–1974)
  • Malta
    • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Malta (1964–1974)
    • Governor-General - Sir Maurice Henry Dorman, Governor-General of Malta (1962–1971)
    • Prime Minister - Giorgio Borg Olivier, Prime Minister of Malta (1962–1971)
  • Monaco
    • Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
    • Head of Government - Paul Demange, Minister of State of Monaco (1966–1969)
  • Kingdom of the Netherlands
    • Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980)
    • Netherlands (constituent country)
      • Prime Minister - Piet de Jong, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1967–1971)
    • Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
      • Governor - Cola Debrot, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (1962–1970)
      • Prime Minister -
        1. Efraïn Jonckheer, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1954–1968)
        2. Ciro Domenico Kroon, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1968–1969)
    • Suriname (constituent country)
      • Governor-General -
        1. Henri Lucien de Vries, Governor-General of Suriname (1965–1968)
        2. Johan Ferrier, Governor-General of Suriname (1968–1980)
      • Prime Minister - Johan Adolf Pengel, Prime Minister of Suriname (1963–1969)
  • Norway
    • Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957–1991)
    • Prime Minister - Per Borten, Prime Minister of Norway (1965–1971)
  • Poland
    • Communist Party Leader - Władysław Gomułka, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1956–1970)
    • Head of State -
      1. Edward Ochab, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1964–1968)
      2. Marian Spychalski, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1968–1970)
    • Premier - Józef Cyrankiewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1954–1970)
  • Portugal
    • President - Américo Thomaz, President of Portugal (1958–1974)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932–1968)
      2. Marcello Caetano, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1968–1974)
  • Romania
    • Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965–1989)
    • Head of State - Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of the Council of State of Romania (1967–1989)
    • Premier - Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1961–1974)
  • San Marino
    • Captains Regent
      1. Domenico Forcellini and Romano Michelotti, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1967–March 1968)
      2. Marino Benedetto Belluzzi and Dante Rossi, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1968–September 1968)
      3. Pietro Giancecchi and Aldo Zavoli, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1968–March 1969)
  • Soviet Union
    • Communist Party Leader - Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)
    • Head of State - Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1965–1977)
    • Premier - Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1964–1980)
  • Spain
    • Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
    • Prime Minister - Francisco Franco, President of the Government of Spain (1938–1973)
  • Sweden
    • Monarch - Gustaf VI Adolf, King of Sweden (1950–1973)
    • Prime Minister - Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (1946–1969)
  • Switzerland
    • Swiss Federal Council:
      Willy Spühler (1959–1970, President), Ludwig von Moos (1959–1971), Hans-Peter Tschudi (1959–1973), Hans Schaffner (1961–1969), Roger Bonvin (1962–1973), Rudolf Gnägi (1965–1979), Nello Celio (1966–1973)
  • United Kingdom
    • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
    • Prime Minister - Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1964–1970)
  • Vatican City
    • Monarch - Pope Paul VI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1963–1978)
    • President of the Governorate - Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1961–1969)
    • Holy See
      • Secretary of State - Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, Cardinal Secretary of State (1961–1969)
  • Yugoslavia
    • Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1945–1980)
    • President - Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia (1953–1980)
    • Premier - Mika Špiljak, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia (1967–1969)

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