List of State Leaders in 1923 - Asia

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Monarch - Amānullāh Khān, Emir of Afghanistan (1919–1929)

• Asir
  • Monarch -
    1. Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali al-Idrisi, Emir of Asir (1909–1923)
    2. Sayyid Ali ibn Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Hasani, Emir of Asir (1923–1926)

• Bukhara
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Sagdulla Tursunhodzhayev, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Bukhara (1921–1923)
    2. Abdullo Rahimbayev, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Bukhara (1923)
  • Head of State - Porsa Khodzhayev, Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of Bukhara (1922–1925)
  • Premier - Fayzulla Khodzhayev, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Bukhara (1921–1924)

• China
  • Nationalist Government
    • Head of State - Sun Yat-sen, Generalissimo of the National Government of China (1923–1925)
  • Beiyang Government
    • President -
      1. Li Yuanhong, President of China (1922–1923)
      2. Zhang Shaozeng, Acting President of China (1923)
      3. Gao Lingwei, Acting President of China (1923)
      4. Cao Kun, President of China (1923–1924)
    • Premier -
      1. Wang Zhengting, Acting Premier of State Council of China (1922–1923)
      2. Zhang Shaozeng, Premier of State Council of China (1923)
      3. Gao Lingwei, Premier of State Council of China (1923–1924)
  • Tibet (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
    • Monarch - Thubten Gyatso, Dalai Lama (1879–1933)

• Hejaz
  • Monarch - Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz (1908–1924)

• Japan
  • Monarch - Yoshihito, Emperor of Japan (1912–1926)
  • Regent - Crown Prince Hirohito, Regent of Japan (1921–1926)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Viscount Katō Tomosaburō, Prime Minister of Japan (1922–1923)
    2. Count Yamamoto Gonnohyōe, Prime Minister of Japan (1923–1924)

• Khorezm
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Gaifi Sharafutdinov, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Khorezm (1921–1923)
    2. Ishchan Masharipov, Acting First Secretary of the Communist Party of Khorezm (1923)
    3. Karimzhan Adinayev, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Khorezm (1923–1924)
  • Head of State -
    1. Abdulla Abdurahmon Khojaoghli, Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of Khorezm (1922–1923)
    2. K. Safaroghli, Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of Khorezm (1923–1924)
  • Premier - Sultanmurad Kany, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Khorezm (1921–1924)

• Kurdistan (unrecognized secessionist state)
  • Monarch - Sheikh Mahmud Barzanji, King of Kurdistan (1922–1924)
  • Prime Minister - Sheikh Qadir Barzanji, Prime Minister of Kurdistan (1922–1924)

• Mongolia
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Tseren-Ochiryn Dambadorj, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1922–1923)
    2. Yapon Danzan, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1923–1924)
  • Monarch - Bogd Khan, Khan of Mongolia (1921–1924)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar, Prime Minister of Mongolia (1922–1923)
    2. Balingiin Tserendorj, Prime Minister of Mongolia (1923–1928)

• Muscat and Oman
  • Monarch - Taimur bin Feisal, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1913–1932)

• Nejd
  • Monarch - Ibn Saud, Sultan of Nejd (1902–1953)

• Nepal
  • Monarch - Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Prime Minister of Nepal (1901–1929)

• Persia
  • Monarch - Ahmad Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (1909–1925)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Ahmad Qavam, Prime Minister of Persia (1922–1923)
    2. Mostowfi ol-Mamalek, Prime Minister of Persia (1923)
    3. Hassan Pirnia, Prime Minister of Persia (1923)
    4. Rezā Khan, Prime Minister of Persia (1923–1925)

• Siam
  • Monarch - Vajiravudh, King of Siam (1910–1925)

• Tannu Tuva
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Nimachyan, General Secretary of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1921–1923)
    2. Lobsang-Osur, General Secretary of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1923)
    3. Oyun Kursedy, President of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1923–1924)
  • Premier -
    1. Idam-Syurun, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tannu Tuva (1922–1923)
    2. Mongush Buyan-Badyrgy, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tannu Tuva (1923–1924)

• Turkey
  • the Republic of Turkey was declared on 29 October 1923 in place of the Turkish State
  • Head of State -
    1. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, President of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (1922–1923)
    2. Abdürrahman Sheref Bey, Acting President of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (1923)
    3. Ali Fuad Pasha, Provisional President of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (1923)
    4. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (1923–1938)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Rauf Orbay, Prime Minister of Turkey (1922–1923)
    2. Fethi Okyar, Prime Minister of Turkey (1923)
    3. İsmet İnönü, Prime Minister of Turkey (1923–1924)

• Yemen
  • Monarch - Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, Imam of Yemen (1904–1948)