List of State Leaders in 1854 - South America

South America

  • Argentina
    1. Justo José de Urquiza, Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation (1852–1854)
    2. Justo José de Urquiza, President of the Argentine Confederation (1854–1860)
    • Buenos Aires State
      1. Pastor Obligado, Governor of Buenos Aires Province (1853–1858)
  • Bolivia - Manuel Isidoro Belzu, President of Bolivia (1848–1855)
  • Brazil - Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831–1889)
  • Chile - Manuel Montt, President of Chile (1851–1861)
  • Ecuador - José María Urvina, President of Ecuador (1851–1856)
  • Republic of New Granada -
      1. José María Obando, President of New Granada (1853–1854)
      2. José María Melo, Head of Military Provisional Government (1854)
    • Claimed President - Tomás de Herrera, 1st Delegate, claimed he was the rightful president as such
    • Francisco Antonio Obregón, Secretary of the Government, head of the executive power
    • José de Obaldía, Vice President claiming to act as president
  • Paraguay - Carlos Antonio López, President of Paraguay 91844-1862)
  • Peru - José Rufino Echenique, President of Peru (1851–1855)
  • Uruguay -
    1. Provisional government (1853–1854)
    2. Venancio Flores, President of Uruguay (1854–1855)
  • Venezuela - José Gregorio Monagas, President of Venezuela (1851–1855)

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    I need not tell you of the inadequacy of the American shipping marine on the Pacific Coast.... For this reason it seems to me that there is no subject to which Congress can better devote its attention in the coming session than the passage of a bill which shall encourage our merchant marine in such a way as to establish American lines directly between New York and the eastern ports and South American ports, and both our Pacific Coast ports and the Orient and the Philippines.
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    In America and Europe the nomadism is of trade and curiosity.
    Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)