South America
- Argentine Confederation - Juan Manuel de Rosas, Governor of Buenos Aires Province in charge of the Foreign Relations of the Argentine Confederation (1835–1851)
- Brazil -
- Emperor - Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831–1889)
- Prime-minister - Manuel Alves Branco, viscount of Caravelas
- Chile - Manuel Bulnes, President of Chile (1841-1851)
- Ecuador - Vicente Ramón Roca, President of Ecuador (1845–1849)
- New Granada - Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera, President of New Granada (1844–1849)
- Paraguay - Carlos Antonio López, Perpetual Supreme Dictator (1844–1862)
- Peru - Ramón Castilla, President of Peru (1845–1851 and 1855–1862)
- Uruguay - Joaquín Suárez, President of Uruguay (1843–1852)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1847
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“I need not tell you of the inadequacy of the American shipping marine on the Pacific Coast.... For this reason it seems to me that there is no subject to which Congress can better devote its attention in the coming session than the passage of a bill which shall encourage our merchant marine in such a way as to establish American lines directly between New York and the eastern ports and South American ports, and both our Pacific Coast ports and the Orient and the Philippines.”
—William Howard Taft (1857–1930)
“There are two places in the world where men can most effectively disappear—the city of London and the South Seas.”
—Herman Melville (1819–1891)
“In America nothing dies easier than tradition.”
—Russell Baker (b. 1925)