List of State Leaders in 1639 - Europe

Europe

  • Denmark-Norway - Christian IV, King of Denmark and King of Norway(1588–1648)
  • England - Charles I, King of England (1625–1649)
  • France - Louis XIII, King of France (1610–1643)
  • Holy Roman Empire - Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (1637–1657)
    • Bremen, Prince-Archbishopric -
      1. Frederick II (later Frederick III of Denmark), Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (1635–1645)
      2. Archduke Leopold William of Austria, rivalling Catholic Administrator of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (1635–1645)
    • Halberstadt, Prince-Bishopric - Archduke Leopold William of Austria, Catholic Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt (1628–1648)
    • Magdeburg, Prince-Archbishopric - Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels, Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Archbishopric of Magdeburg (1638–1680)
    • Olomouc, Prince-Bishopric - Archduke Leopold William of Austria, Catholic Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Olomouc (1637–1662)
    • Passau, Prince-Bishopric - Archduke Leopold William of Austria, Catholic Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Passau (1625–1662)
    • Strasbourg, Prince-Bishopric - Archduke Leopold William of Austria, Catholic Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg (1626–1662)
    • Verden, Prince-Bishopric - Frederick II (later Frederick III of Denmark), Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Verden (1623–1629 and again 1635–1644)
  • Moldavia - Vasile Lupu, Voivode of Moldavia (1634–1653).
  • Ottoman ( Turkish ) Empire Murat IV, Ottoman Sultan (1623–1640)
  • Papal States - Urban VIII, Bishop of Rome (1623–1644).
  • Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Ladislaus IV, King of Poland (1632–1648).
  • Portugal - Philip III, King of Portugal (1621–1640)
  • Republic of Venice - Francesco Erizzo, Doge of Venice (1631–1646).
  • Russia - Michael I, Tsar of Russia (1613–1645)
  • Scotland - Charles I, King of England (1625–1649)
  • Spain - Philip IV, King of Spain (1621–1665)
  • Sweden - Christina, Queen of Sweden (1632–1654).
  • United Provinces
    • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
    • Stadtholder - Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Utrecht and Zeeland(1625–1647).
      • Hendrik Casimir I, Stadtholder of Friesland and Groningen(1632–1640).
      • Holland - Grand Pensionary Jacob Cats (1629–1631, 1636–1651)
  • Wallachia - Matei Basarab, Voivode of Wallachia (1632–1654).

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Famous quotes containing the word europe:

    “Of one thing I can assure you with comparative certainty, whoever wins, Europe will be economically ruined. This war is America’s great opportunity.”
    —John Dos Passos (1896–1970)

    “The Federated Republic of Europe—the United States of Europe—that is what must be. National autonomy no longer suffices. Economic evolution demands the abolition of national frontiers. If Europe is to remain split into national groups, then Imperialism will recommence its work. Only a Federated Republic of Europe can give peace to the world.”
    —Leon Trotsky (1879–1940)

    “We are participants, whether we would or not, in the life of the world.... We are partners with the rest. What affects mankind is inevitably our affair as well as the nations of Europe and Asia.”
    —Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924)