Europe
- Kingdom of Denmark and Norway - Christian IV (1588–1648)
- Duchy of Schleswig - Christian IV (1588–1648) and John Adolphus (1590–1616) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England — Elizabeth I, Queen of England and Ireland (1558–1603)
- Kingdom of France - Henry IV (1589–1610)
- Holy Roman Empire - Rudolf II (1576–1612)
- Duchy of Bavaria - William V, Duke of Bavaria (1579-1597)
- Bremen, Prince-Archbishopric - John Adolphus (1589–1596)
- Duchy of Holstein - Christian IV (1588–1648) and John Adolphus (1590–1616) in condominial rule
- Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck - John Adolphus (1586–1607)
- Royal Hungary - Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf I) (1576–1608)
- Principality of Moldavia - Aron Tiranul (1592–1595)
- Kingdom of Navarre - Henry III of Navarre (1572–1610)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Murat III (1574–1595)
- Papal States - Pope Clement VIII (1592–1605)
- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth - Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632)
- Russia
- Tsar - Feodor I, Tsar of Russia (1584–1598)
- Regent - Boris Godunov (1584–1598)
- Kingdom of Scotland - James VI (1567–1625)
- Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal - Philip II (1556–1598)
- Kingdom of Sweden - Sigismund (1592–1599)
- United Provinces
- Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
- Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1585–1625)
- Grand Pensionary of Holland - Johan van Oldebarnevelt (1586–1619)
- Republic of Venice - Pasqual Cicogna, Doge of Venice (1585–1595)
- Principality of Wallachia - Alexandru cel Rău (1592–1593)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1593
Famous quotes containing the word europe:
“For it does not follow because many books are written by persons born in America that there exists an American literature. Books which imitate or represent the thoughts and life of Europe do not constitute an American literature. Before such can exist, an original idea must animate this nation and fresh currents of life must call into life fresh thoughts along its shores.”
—Margaret Fuller (1810–1850)
“Humanism, it seems, is almost impossible in America where material progress is part of the national romance whereas in Europe such progress is relished because it feels nice.”
—Paul West (b. 1930)
“In everyone’s youthful dreams, philosophy is still vaguely but inseparably, and with singular truth, associated with the East, nor do after years discover its local habitation in the Western world. In comparison with the philosophers of the East, we may say that modern Europe has yet given birth to none.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)