List of Rump States - Ancient

Ancient

• Sumer during the late 3rd millennium BC until its liquidation by Elam and Babylon.
• Kush from c. 2500 BC until 780 BC.
• Ancient Egypt during the Hyksos period (c. 1674–1548 BC.)
• Mitanni during the Egyptian invasions and loss of land in Syria of the mid-15th century BC, and from the Hittite invasions of the mid-14th century BC to its liquidation by Assyria c. 1250 BC.
• Ancient Egypt from the late 13th century BC, because of invasions of Libyans and Sea Peoples and the loss of its Asiatic lands.
• The Hittite Empire from c. 1275 BC to its liquidation c. 1180 BC.
• Philistia from its expulsion from Palestine c. 1105 BC to its conquest by Assyria in 732 BC. (See Map and Samson)
• Ancient Egypt after the loss of the Nile Delta to the Meshwesh and the secession of Kush in the early 11th century BC.
• Aram during the reign of Solomon of the Kingdom of Israel.
• Edom during most of the 10th century BC.
• The Kingdom of Judah as successor to the United Monarchy after the Kingdom of Israel seceded c. 930 BC to its conquest by Babylonia in 586 BC, particularly during Egyptian and Kushite aggression from then until c. 901 BC.
• Phoenicia during the Assyrian and Babylonian Empires.
• The Zhou Dynasty of China from early 8th century BC to its end in the 3rd century BC.
• Urartu from the late 8th century BC to its Iranian conquest in 612 BC. (See Map)
• Ancient Egypt from the late 8th century BC until its Babylonian conquest. See also Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt (the period of Kushite rule.)
• Athens from 490 to 479 BC during the Greco-Persian Wars and after the Peloponnesian War until its Macedonian conquest (from 404 to 338 BC.)
• Attalid Pergamon as the successor to the Lysimachian Empire from the execution of Lysimachus by Seleucus I Nicator and the loss of most of its Asian lands to the Seleucid Empire and its European lands to the Antigonid Empire in 281 BC until its union with the Roman Empire according to the will of Attalus III in 133 BC. See also Diadochi Wars.
• The Seleucid Empire from the rise of Parthia in the late 3rd century BC to its final conquest by the Roman Empire in 60 BC.
• Carthage after the Second Punic War and because of progressive territorial losses to Numidia until its destruction by Rome in the Third Punic War.
• Macedon in the 2nd century BC, after the Wars with Rome until its final conquest.
• Ptolemaic Egypt from the loss of its Asiatic lands to the Seleucid Empire in the 2nd century BC until its union with the Roman Empire in 30 BC. See also Syrian Wars.
• The Sunga Empire as successor to the Maurya Empire after the Greco-Bactrian invasions of its western lands in 180 BC.
• The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom because of Yuezhi aggression from 162 BC to the conquest of Bactria proper in 120 BC, then the Indo-Greek Kingdom as its successor until its Indo-Scythian conquest c. AD 10.
• Hasmonean Judea from the settlement of Pompey in 63 BC to its conquest by the Roman Empire in 37 BC.
• The Satavahana Empire from c. AD 35 to 78, during the Indo-Scythian invasions. See also Western Kshatrapas.
• Parthia after the loss of its western lands to the Roman Empire in the early AD 2nd century.