Lithuania
- Daniel Kahneman, psychologist, Nobel Prize (2002) (Lithuanian parents)
- Semyon Alapin, chess player
- Mark Antokolsky, sculptor to Czar Alexander II of Russia
- Moshe Arens, former Minister of Defence and former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Israel
- Aaron Barak, President of the Supreme Court of Israel
- Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, reviver of Hebrew
- Bernard Berenson, art critic
- Izis Bidermanas, photographer
- Victor David Brenner, designer of the US penny
- Eli Broad, American philanthropist and investor; founder of KB Home
- Sir Montague Burton, British retailer
- Abraham Cahan, writer & activist
- Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler, rabbi, Talmudic scholar
- Simeon Dimanstein, Soviet Commissar of Nationalities
- Nosson Tzvi Finkel, Orthodox Judaism leader
- Romain Gary, novelist, The Prix Goncourt (twice)
- Vyacheslav Ganelin, jazz musician
- Morris Ginsberg, sociologist (Jewish Year Book 1975 p213)
- Louis Ginzberg, scholar of the Talmud
- Itamar Golan, pianist
- Leah Goldberg, poet
- Emma Goldman, political activist
- Nahum Goldmann, world Jewish leader
- Chaim Grade, writer
- Iosif Grigulevich, secret agent, historian
- Zvi Griliches, economist
- Shira Gorshman, Zionist pioneer, writer
- Aryeh Leib ben Asher Gunzberg, rabbi
- Aron Gurwitsch, philosopher
- Laurence Harvey, actor
- Jascha Heifetz (1901 - 1987) violinist, widely regarded as the greatest violinist of the 20th Century
- Sidney Hillman, political activist
- Jay M. Ipson, founder of Virginia Holocaust Museum
- Leo Jogiches, revolutionary
- Al Jolson, singer, comedian, and actor
- Jakob Jocz, writer
- Berek Joselewicz, colonel of the Polish Army
- Joseph Kagan, Baron Kagan, clothes manufacturer
- Yisrael Meir Kagan, rabbi
- Mordechai Kaplan, founder of Reconstructionist Judaism
- Shlomo Kleit, political activist
- Aaron Klug, chemist, Nobel Prize (1982)
- Lazare Kopelmanas, international law scholar
- Jacob Koslowsky, painter
- Abba Kovner, poet, writer
- Abraham Dob Bär Lebensohn, writer
- Micah Joseph Lebensohn, writer
- Phoebus Levene, biochemist
- Emmanuel Levinas, philosopher
- Isaac Levitan, artist
- Morris Lichtenstein, rabbi, founder of the Jewish Science
- Jacques Lipchitz, cubist sculptor
- Jay Lovestone, politician
- Alexander Ziskind Maimon, author and scholar of the Talmud
- Abraham Mapu, novelist
- Osip Mandelstam, poet librettist
- Isser Zalman Meltzer, rabbi
- Harvey Milk, USA gay politician
- Hermann Minkowski, mathematician
- Oskar Minkowski, physiologist
- Mitchell Parish (1900 – 1993) Lithuanian-born American lyricist
- Abram Rabinovich, chess player
- Willy Ronis, artist
- Eduardas Rozentalis, chess player
- Meyer Schapiro, art historian
- Alexander Schneider, violinist & conductor
- Ben Shahn, artist
- Andrew W. Schally medicine, Nobel Prize (1977)
- Lasar Segall, painter, engraver and sculptor
- Esther Shalev-Gerz, artist
- Karl Shapiro, poet (Lithuanian parents)
- Yacov Shmuskevich Commander of Soviet Air Force
- Sam, Lee & Jacob Shubert, theatre managers, producers (cf. Shubert Brothers)
- Joe Slovo, ANC activist
- Elijah ben Solomon, rabbi, The Gaon of Vilna
- Maximilian Steinberg, composer
- Helen Suzman, anti-apartheid MP (Lithuanian parents)
- Arkadijus Vinokuras, writer, journalist, publicist, actor
- Isakas Vistaneckis, chess player
- Louis Washkansky, recipient of the world's first human heart transplant
- Uriel Weinreich, linguist
- David Wolfsohn, second President of World Zionist Organization
- Bluma Zeigarnik, psychologist and psychiatrist
- Emanuelis Zingeris, politician
- William Zorach, painter, sculptor & writer
- Louis Zukofsky, poet (Lithuanian parents)
- See also Litvak/Littauer, Lithuanian Jews, Kovno kollel
Read more about this topic: List Of North European Jews