Cultural Features
Travancore was characterized by the popularity of its rulers among common men. The kings of Travancore, unlike their counterparts in the other Princely States of India, spent only a small portion of their state's resources for personal use. This was in sharp contrast with some of the northern Indian Rajas. Since they spent most of the state's revenue for the benefit of the public, they were naturally much loved by their subjects. This was so even in the context of the high-handedness of some of their Prime Ministers (called Dewans). The trend of a popular ruler started with Marttanda Varma, who declared himself as "servant" of god Vishnu and virtually ruled Travancore "owned by Vishnu" according to the god's wishes.
Religious and social tolerance was another of notable feature of the rulers of Travancore. Unlike the situation in many parts of British India, religious- and caste-based violence was very rare in Travancore, apart from a few incidents in 1821, 1829, 1858 and 1921, which themselves, when compared to similar riots elsewhere, were very mild. This tolerance of different religions was equally applicable when it came to social and ideological matters. Most of the political ideologies (such as communism) and social reforms were welcomed in Travancore. The universality of education and temple entry permission for those considered as 'untouchables' were unique to this part of India. Although tolerant rulers, the Travancore royal family were devout Hindus; they also donated land and material to the construction of Christian churches and Muslim mosques. This patronage was appreciated by local Christians who actively supported the devout Hindu Marthanda Varma during the Tranvancore-Dutch battles against a Christian power, and by the Muslims who joined his army.
Unlike in the rest of India, in Travancore (and in Malabar and Cochin), the social status and freedom of women were high. In many communities, the daughters inherited the property right up to 1925, were educated, and had the right to divorce and remarry.
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