Synthesis
Ketamine is synthesized from 2-chlorobenzonitrile, which reacts with the Grignard reagent cyclopentylmagnesium bromide to give 1-(2-chlorobenzoyl)cyclopentane. The next step is bromination using bromine to the corresponding bromoketone, which upon reaction with an aqueous solution of methylamine forms the methylimino derivative. During this reaction a simultaneous hydrolysis of the tertiary bromine atom occurs. On further heating the reaction product in decalin, a ring expansion rearrangement occurs, causing formation of ketamine.
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