Karlheinz may refer to:
- Karlheinz Böhm (born 1928), Austrian actor
- Karlheinz Brandenburg (born 1954), audio engineer
- Karlheinz Deschner (born 1924), German agnostic
- Karlheinz Essl (born 1960), Austrian composer, performer, sound artist, improviser and composition teacher
- Karlheinz Förster (born 1958), former German football player
- Karlheinz Hackl (born 1949), Austrian actor
- Karlheinz Kaske (1928–1998), German manager and CEO of the Siemens AG
- Karlheinz Klotz (born 1950), West German athlete
- Karlheinz Martin (1886–1948), German stage and film director
- Karlheinz Pflipsen (born 1970), retired German soccer player
- Karlheinz Schreiber (born 1934), German-born lobbyist, fundraiser, arms dealer and businessman
- Karlheinz Stockhausen (1928–2007), German composer
- Karlheinz Zöller (1928–2005), German flutist