Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR), (Russian: Калмыцкая Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика) was an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Russian SFSR that existed at two periods of time. Its administrative city was Elista.
First time, the Kalmyk ASSR was established when Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast (established November 4, 1920) had its status increased on October 22, 1935. The ASSR existed until 1943 when it was abolished after it was liberated from fascist invaders
Second time, the Kalmyk ASSR was established when newly formed Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast (re-established in January 1957) had its status increased during 1958. In 1990 the declaration of the sovereignty and transformation of Kalmykia into the Soviet Republic was accepted. The ASSR existed until March 31, 1992, when its status was increased to a republic within the Russian Federation.
A minor planet 2287 Kalmykia discovered in 1977 by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh is named after Kalmyk A.S.S.R.
Famous quotes containing the words autonomous, soviet, socialist and/or republic:
“There is a totalitarian regime inside every one of us. We are ruled by a ruthless politburo which sets ours norms and drives us from one five-year plan to another. The autonomous individual who has to justify his existence by his own efforts is in eternal bondage to himself.”
—Eric Hoffer (1902–1983)
“There is no Soviet domination of Eastern Europe and there never will be under a Ford administration.... The United States does not concede that those countries are under the domination of the Soviet Union.”
—Gerald R. Ford (b. 1913)
“Men conceive themselves as morally superior to those with whom they differ in opinion. A Socialist who thinks that the opinions of Mr. Gladstone on Socialism are unsound and his own sound, is within his rights; but a Socialist who thinks that his opinions are virtuous and Mr. Gladstone’s vicious, violates the first rule of morals and manners in a Democratic country; namely, that you must not treat your political opponent as a moral delinquent.”
—George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950)
“I date the end of the old republic and the birth of the empire to the invention, in the late thirties, of air conditioning. Before air conditioning, Washington was deserted from mid-June to September.... But after air conditioning and the Second World War arrived, more or less at the same time, Congress sits and sits while the presidents—or at least their staffs—never stop making mischief.”
—Gore Vidal (b. 1925)