Joseph or Joe Dawson may refer to:
- Joe Dawson (baseball) (1897–1978), Major League Baseball pitcher
- Joe Dawson (Highlander), a fictional character portrayed by Jim Byrnes
- Joe Dawson (racing driver) (1889–1946), American racecar driver
- Joseph T. Dawson (1914–1998), officer in the U.S. 1st Infantry Division during World War II
- Joseph Bernard Dawson (1883–1965), New Zealand gynaecologist