Types of Particles
There are eight types of particles, depending on what function they serve.
- Case markers (格助詞, kaku-joshi?)
が、の、を、に、へ、と、で、から、より
- Parallel markers (並立助詞, heiritsu-joshi?)
か、の、や、に、と、やら、なり、だの
- Sentence ending particles (終助詞, shū-joshi?)
か、の、や、な、わ、とも、かしら
- Interjectory particles (間投助詞, kantō-joshi?)
さ、よ、ね
- Adverbial particles (副助詞, fuku-joshi?)
ばかり、まで、だけ、ほど、くらい、など、なり、やら
- Binding particles (係助詞, kakari-joshi?)
は、も、こそ、でも、しか、さえ、だに
- Conjunctive particles (接続助詞, setsuzoku-joshi?)
や、が、て、のに、ので、から、ところが、けれども
- Phrasal particles (準体助詞, juntai-joshi?)
の、から
Note that some particles appear in two types. For example, "kara" is a case marker where it describes where something is from or what happens after something; when it describes a cause it is a conjunctive particle.
Read more about this topic: Japanese Particles
Famous quotes containing the words types of, types and/or particles:
“Our children evaluate themselves based on the opinions we have of them. When we use harsh words, biting comments, and a sarcastic tone of voice, we plant the seeds of self-doubt in their developing minds.... Children who receive a steady diet of these types of messages end up feeling powerless, inadequate, and unimportant. They start to believe that they are bad, and that they can never do enough.”
—Stephanie Martson (20th century)
“He’s one of those know-it-all types that, if you flatter the wig off him, he chatter like a goony bird at mating time.”
—Michael Blankfort. Lewis Milestone. Johnson (Reginald Gardner)
“The atoms of Democritus
And Newton’s particles of light
Are sands upon the Red Sea shore,
Where Israel’s tents do shine so bright.”
—William Blake (1757–1827)