Jaccard Index - Tanimoto Similarity and Distance

Tanimoto Similarity and Distance

Various forms of functions described as Tanimoto Similarity and Tanimoto Distance occur in the literature and on the Internet. Most of these are synonyms for Jaccard Similarity and Jaccard Distance, but some are mathematically different. Many sources cite an unavailable IBM Technical Report as the seminal reference.

In "A Computer Program for Classifying Plants", published in October 1960, a method of classification based on a similarity ratio, and a derived distance function, is given. It seems that this is the most authoritative source for the meaning of the terms "Tanimoto Similarity" and "Tanimoto Distance". The similarity ratio is equivalent to Jaccard similarity, but the distance function is not the same as Jaccard Distance.

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