Inverse Hyperbolic Function - Series Expansions

Series Expansions

Expansion series can be obtained for the above functions:

\begin{align}\operatorname{arsinh}\, x & = x - \left( \frac {1} {2} \right) \frac {x^3} {3} + \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3} {2 \cdot 4} \right) \frac {x^5} {5} - \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3 \cdot 5} {2 \cdot 4 \cdot 6} \right) \frac {x^7} {7} +\cdots \\ & = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \left( \frac {(-1)^n(2n)!} {2^{2n}(n!)^2} \right) \frac {x^{2n+1}} {(2n+1)}, \qquad \left| x \right| < 1 \end{align}
\begin{align}\operatorname{arcosh}\, x & = \ln 2x - \left( \left( \frac {1} {2} \right) \frac {x^{-2}} {2} + \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3} {2 \cdot 4} \right) \frac {x^{-4}} {4} + \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3 \cdot 5} {2 \cdot 4 \cdot 6} \right) \frac {x^{-6}} {6} +\cdots \right) \\ & = \ln 2x - \sum_{n=1}^\infty \left( \frac {(2n)!} {2^{2n}(n!)^2} \right) \frac {x^{-2n}} {(2n)}, \qquad x > 1 \end{align}
\begin{align}\operatorname{artanh}\, x & = x + \frac {x^3} {3} + \frac {x^5} {5} + \frac {x^7} {7} +\cdots \\ & = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac {x^{2n+1}} {(2n+1)}, \qquad \left| x \right| < 1 \end{align}
\begin{align}\operatorname{arcsch}\, x = \operatorname{arsinh} \frac1x & = x^{-1} - \left( \frac {1} {2} \right) \frac {x^{-3}} {3} + \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3} {2 \cdot 4} \right) \frac {x^{-5}} {5} - \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3 \cdot 5} {2 \cdot 4 \cdot 6} \right) \frac {x^{-7}} {7} +\cdots \\ & = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \left( \frac {(-1)^n(2n)!} {2^{2n}(n!)^2} \right) \frac {x^{-(2n+1)}} {(2n+1)}, \qquad \left| x \right| > 1 \end{align}
\begin{align}\operatorname{arsech}\, x = \operatorname{arcosh} \frac1x & = \ln \frac{2}{x} - \left( \left( \frac {1} {2} \right) \frac {x^{2}} {2} + \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3} {2 \cdot 4} \right) \frac {x^{4}} {4} + \left( \frac {1 \cdot 3 \cdot 5} {2 \cdot 4 \cdot 6} \right) \frac {x^{6}} {6} +\cdots \right) \\ & = \ln \frac{2}{x} - \sum_{n=1}^\infty \left( \frac {(2n)!} {2^{2n}(n!)^2} \right) \frac {x^{2n}} {2n}, \qquad 0 < x \le 1 \end{align}
\begin{align}\operatorname{arcoth}\, x = \operatorname{artanh} \frac1x & = x^{-1} + \frac {x^{-3}} {3} + \frac {x^{-5}} {5} + \frac {x^{-7}} {7} +\cdots \\ & = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac {x^{-(2n+1)}} {(2n+1)}, \qquad \left| x \right| > 1 \end{align}

Asymptotic expansion for the arsinh x is given by

Read more about this topic:  Inverse Hyperbolic Function

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