Intermolecular Force
Intermolecular forces are forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules or ions). They are weak compared to the intramolecular forces, the forces which keep a molecule together. For example, the covalent bond present within HCl molecules is much stronger than the forces present between the neighbouring molecules, which exist when the molecules are sufficiently close to each other.
There are four types of attractive intermolecular forces:
- Dipole–dipole forces
- Ion–dipole forces
- Dipole-induced dipole forces or Debye forces
- Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces or London dispersion forces.
Read more about Intermolecular Force: London Dispersion Force, Debye (induced Dipole) Force, Dipole–dipole Interactions, Ion-dipole and Ion-induced Dipole Forces, Hydrogen Bonding, Relative Strength of Forces
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—Dylan Thomas (1914–1953)