Middle Ages
| Name of the rank | Etymology | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Aprod | Hungarian apród | official in charge of justice or fiscal affairs, or introducing guest to the court. |
| Armaş | Romanian Armă, arm + suffix -aş | official in charge of security, prisons and executions. |
| Ban | probably Sarmatian, Persian or Avar | The title of medieval rulers of parts of Wallachia (Oltenia and Severin) since the 13th century. The Wallachian bans were military governors. Territory over which a ban ruled in Wallachia was called a banat (see article about Banat region). |
| Becer | Romanian beci, cellar (of Cuman origin) | court cook. |
| Boier | Slavic bolyarin | A hereditary aristocrat(boyars). |
| Cămăraş | Romanian cămară, pantry | person in charge of the rooms and pantries of the court. |
| Căminar | Romanian camină, tax, from Slavic | person in charge of collecting some taxes (initially the taxes for beeswax). |
| Chelar | Greek kellarios, ultimately from Latin cellarium, storeroom | person in charge of the court's cellars and food stores. |
| Clucer | Slavic kliučiari, from the word for "key" | a person in charge of the court household and servants, cf. Master of the Royal Court, Russian boyar title klyuchnik. |
| Cneaz | Slavic Knyaz, ultimately from German. | chieftain or judge of some villages |
| Condicar | Romanian condică, register book, from Greek kódik | person in charge of the court archives, archivist. |
| Comis | Greek kómis | Master of the Horse. |
| Cupar | Romanian cupă | boyar in charge with filling the cups at the boyar's table |
| Domn | Romanian a domni, to rule, from Domn, Lord | title of rulers of Wallachia and Moldavia |
| Domnitor | Romanian a domni, to rule, from Domn, Lord | the official title of the ruler of Romania between 1859 and 1881 (also unofficially used earlier). |
| Dregător | Romanian a drege, to fix, to plan | general term referring to most officials at the court, with roles ranging from counsellorship to administration, justice or military organisation. |
| Jitnicer | Romanian jitniţă, granary, from Slavic žitnica, derived from žito, rye | person in charge of the court granary. |
| Jude | Latin judex, cf Romanian judeţ, a jurisdiction generally translated as "county" | judge and/or mayor of a region. |
| Grămătic | Greek ghrammatikós | secretary. |
| Hatman | cf. Hetman, from Polish, ultimately from German | a Moldavian equivalent of spătar. |
| Hospodar | South Slavic gospodar | title of rulers of Wallachia and Moldavia in Slavic documents. |
| Ispravnic | Slavic izpravnik | a representative of the Domnitor in a county. |
| Logofăt | Greek logothetēs | chancellor. |
| Medelnicer | Slavic "medelnica", copper wash-basin | a boier title; literally, the person who pours water on hands to wash them before meals. |
| Paharnic | Slavic root "bowl"/"goblet"/"cup" (pohar/pucharz) cf. Romanian pahar, "glass" | person in charge of the wine supplies, loosely corresponds to "Royal Cup-bearer", akin to Polish Cześnik, but with a different etymology. |
| Pârcălab | Hungarian porkoláb | head of a county (judeţ). |
| Pârgar | German Bürger, via Hungarian polgár. | member of the local council of a town. |
| Pitar | from Pita bread | bread supplier of the court. |
| Polcovnic | cf. Polkovnik | commander of a regiment. |
| Portar | Romanian Poartă, gate | Gatekeeper, for example Portar de Suceava. |
| Postelnic | Slavic postel, "bed"; cf. Russian postelnichy | a boier title; literally "a person in charge of royal chambers"; loosely corresponds to Chamberlain. |
| Şătrar | South Slavic šatra | boyar in charge of the watch of the military camp during war. |
| Sfetnic | Slavic suvetnik | voivode/domnitor's adviser. |
| Spătar | Greek spatharios | In Wallachia, holder of the royal sword and bludgeon and second in rank in the army after the voivode. |
| Staroste | Slavic Starosta | guildmaster, the leader of a guild (breaslă in Moldavia, isnaf in Wallachia). |
| Stolnic | Slavic Stolnik | a boier rank and the position at the court in the history of Moldavia and Wallachia, a seneschal; a person in charge of the royal table. |
| Sluger | Slavic služar | person in charge of meat supplies for the court. |
| Vătaf | Slavic vatah | overseer of various kinds (Vătaful divanului, Vătaf de agie, Vătaf de plai, Vătaf de hotar, etc.). |
| Vistiernic | Latin vestiarius, a person in charge of the wardrobe | a title of treasurer. |
| Voievod | Slavic Voivode | ruling prince, commander-in-chief of the army, titles of the Wallachian and Moldavian rulers; they were also known as domnitori. |
| Vornic | cf. Slovak nádvorník | official in charge of justice and internal affairs |
Read more about this topic: Historical Romanian Ranks And Titles
Famous quotes related to middle ages:
“What progress we are making. In the Middle Ages they would have burned me. Now they are content with burning my books.”
—Sigmund Freud (1856–1939)