Climate
Groningen has a cool temperate climate similar to most of the Netherlands, although slightly colder in winter than other major cities in the Netherlands due to its northeasterly position. Weather is influenced by the North Sea to the north-west and its prevailing north-western winds and gales. Winter temperatures are cool: on average above freezing, although frosts are common during spells of easterly winds blowing in from the inner European continent, i. e. Germany, Russia and even Siberia. Night-time temperatures of −10 °C (14 °F) or lower are not uncommon during cold winter periods. The lowest temperature ever recorded is −26.8 °C (−16.2 °F) on February 16, 1956. Snow often falls, but rarely stays consecutively due to warmer daytime temperatures although white snowy days happen every winter. Summers are somewhat warm and humid. Temperatures of 30 °C (86 °F) or higher occur sporadically, most average daytime highs are around 22 °C (72 °F). Very rainy periods are common, especially in spring and summer. Average annual precipitation is about 800 mm (31 in). Sunshine hours vary, but are usually lacking below 1600 hours, giving much cloud cover similar to most of the Netherlands.
| Climate data for Groningen (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.5 (58.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
22.7 (72.9) |
27.7 (81.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.1 (91.6) |
34.7 (94.5) |
30.5 (86.9) |
24.8 (76.6) |
17.4 (63.3) |
15.4 (59.7) |
34.7 (94.5) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
5.4 (41.7) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
17.4 (63.3) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.2 (72) |
22.1 (71.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.9 (57) |
8.7 (47.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
13.4 (56.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.4 (36.3) |
2.4 (36.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
14.9 (58.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
13.8 (56.8) |
10.0 (50) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.9 (37.2) |
9.3 (48.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −0.4 (31.3) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
1.4 (34.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
11.6 (52.9) |
9.3 (48.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
2.9 (37.2) |
0.1 (32.2) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.0 (−7.6) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
0.1 (32.2) |
4.1 (39.4) |
3.2 (37.8) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 74.2 (2.921) |
51.4 (2.024) |
64.3 (2.531) |
42.1 (1.657) |
58.0 (2.283) |
71.2 (2.803) |
79.4 (3.126) |
70.9 (2.791) |
78.3 (3.083) |
74.0 (2.913) |
75.0 (2.953) |
73.4 (2.89) |
812.1 (31.972) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 13 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 136 |
| Avg. snowy days | 8 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 31 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 54.2 | 78.7 | 117.2 | 171.6 | 210.0 | 187.0 | 199.1 | 183.9 | 137.0 | 107.2 | 56.5 | 47.5 | 1,550 |
| Source #1: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1981−2010 normals at Groningen Airport Eelde) | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1971−2000 extremes at Groningen Airport Eelde) | |||||||||||||
Read more about this topic: Groningen (city)
Famous quotes containing the word climate:
“Is not their climate foggy, raw, and dull,
On whom, as in despite, the sun looks pale,
Killing their fruit with frowns?”
—William Shakespeare (1564–1616)
“A positive learning climate in a school for young children is a composite of many things. It is an attitude that respects children. It is a place where children receive guidance and encouragement from the responsible adults around them. It is an environment where children can experiment and try out new ideas without fear of failure. It is an atmosphere that builds children’s self-confidence so they dare to take risks. It is an environment that nurtures a love of learning.”
—Carol B. Hillman (20th century)
“Nobody is so constituted as to be able to live everywhere and anywhere; and he who has great duties to perform, which lay claim to all his strength, has, in this respect, a very limited choice. The influence of climate upon the bodily functions ... extends so far, that a blunder in the choice of locality and climate is able not only to alienate a man from his actual duty, but also to withhold it from him altogether, so that he never even comes face to face with it.”
—Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900)