Production
Large quantities of width controlled GNRs can be produced via graphite nanotomy process shown by Berry group, where sharp diamond knife application on graphite produces graphite nanoblocks, which are exfoliated to produce GNRs. GNRs can also be produced by unzipping or cutting open nanotubes. In one such method by Tour group multi-walled carbon nanotubes were unzipped in solution by action of potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid. In another method by Dai group GNRs were produced by plasma etching of nanotubes partly embedded in a polymer film. More recently, graphene nanoribbons have been grown onto silicon carbide (SiC) substrates using ion implantation followed by vacuum or laser annealing. The latter technique allows one to write any pattern onto SiC substrates with 5 nm precision.
Read more about this topic: Graphene Nanoribbons
Famous quotes containing the word production:
“... this dream that men shall cease to waste strength in competition and shall come to pool their powers of production is coming to pass all over the earth.”
—Jane Addams (1860–1935)
“The heart of man ever finds a constant succession of passions, so that the destroying and pulling down of one proves generally to be nothing else but the production and the setting up of another.”
—François, Duc De La Rochefoucauld (1613–1680)
“The society based on production is only productive, not creative.”
—Albert Camus (1913–1960)