Metabolic Significance of The Catalyzed Reaction
The main product, glucose-1,6-bisphosphate, appears to have several functions:
1. inhibition of hexokinase, an enzyme used in the first step of glycolysis.
2. activation of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) and pyruvate kinase, both of which are enzymes involved in activation of the glycolytic pathway.
3. acts as a coenzyme for phosphoglucomutase in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
4. acts as a cofactor for phosphopentomutase, which produces D-ribose-5-phosphate. 5. acts as a phosphate donor molecule for unknown nonmetabolic effector proteins.
6. increases in concentration during skeletal muscle contraction.
7. dephosphorylation yields glucose-6-phosphate, which is an important precursor molecule in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway.
Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate is most likely used in correlation with gluconeolysis. The product’s inhibition of hexokinase and activation of PFK-1 and pyruvate kinase is indicative of its role in glycolysis. Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate inhibit hexokinase stopping the production glucose-6-phosphate from D-glucose. Its activation of PFK-1 and pyruvate kinase shows that glycolysis still continues without the production of glucose-6-phosphate from D-glucose. This means that the glucose-6-phosphate needed for glycolysis most likely comes from gluconeolysis.
The reactant glucose-1-phosphate is produced by gluconeolysis. This reactant can also form D-glucose-6-phosphate, which is needed for glycolysis. It can therefore be inferred that it is possible when glucose-1-phosphate is produced, it makes glucose-1,6-bisphosphate (with glucose-1,6-bisophosphate synthase) and glucose-6-phosphate. The glucose-1,6-bisphosphate increase the activity of glycolysis, of which glucose-6-phosphate is a reagent.
In addition, one of the reactants (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate) and one of the products (3-phosphoglycerate) are intermediates in the 'payoff' phase of glycolysis. In other words, two molecules involved with glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase are able to be both created and recycled in the glycolytic pathway.
The reactant glucose 1-phosphate is an important precursor molecule in many different pathways, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and the pentose phosphate pathway.
Read more about this topic: Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate Synthase
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