First-class Citizen - Second and Third Class Objects

Second and Third Class Objects

Raphael Finkel offers definitions of second and third class objects (or, as he calls them, values). However, his definition of "first class object" is contrary to other authors': specifically, he does not require run-time constructability, so he would consider C functions to be first-class.

Manipulation First Second Third
Pass value as a parameter yes yes no
Return value from a procedure yes no no
Assign value into a variable yes no no

Read more about this topic:  First-class Citizen

Famous quotes containing the words class and/or objects:

    We must not discriminate between things. Where things are concerned there are no class distinctions. We must pick out what is good for us where we can find it.
    Pablo Picasso (1881–1973)

    The objects of a financier are, then, to secure an ample revenue; to impose it with judgment and equality; to employ it economically; and, when necessity obliges him to make use of credit, to secure its foundations in that instance, and for ever, by the clearness and candour of his proceedings, the exactness of his calculations, and the solidity of his funds.
    Edmund Burke (1729–1797)