The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is a United States government corporation operating as an independent agency created by the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933. It provides deposit insurance, which guarantees the safety of deposits in member banks, up to $250,000 per depositor per bank as of January 2012. As of November 18, 2010 (2010 -11-18), the FDIC insured deposits at 7,723 institutions. The FDIC also examines and supervises certain financial institutions for safety and soundness, performs certain consumer-protection functions, and manages banks in receiverships (failed banks). The FDIC receives no Congressional appropriations – it is funded by premiums that banks and thrift institutions pay for deposit insurance coverage and from earnings on investments in U.S. Treasury securities.
The FDIC does not provide deposit insurance for credit unions, which are insured by the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA).
Insured institutions are required to place signs at their place of business stating that "deposits are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government." Since the start of FDIC insurance on January 1, 1934, no depositor has lost any insured funds as a result of a failure.
Read more about Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: Board of Directors, Insurance Requirements, Resolution of Insolvent Banks, Insured Products, Items Not Insured
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—For the State of New Hampshire, U.S. public relief program (1935-1943)
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