John I's Reign
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In 1526, the main Hungarian army was defeated by the Ottomans at Battle of Mohács, Louis the Hungarian king was killed in action, however the Turks withdrew their troops and did not invade the country yet.
The country became divided due to rival rulers. John I and Habsburg Ferdinand were supported by different factions of the nobility in the Hungarian kingdom.
While John was the former voivode of Transylvania and the wealthiest and the most powerful landlord after Mohács, Ferdinand had the support of his brother the Emperor Charles. To counter this, John sought an alliance with the Ottomans and in 1528 the Ottoman sultan assented to an alliance with John I and gave written assurance of his support. He swore fealty to the sultan in 1529.
In 1538, the two sides officialized the temporary division of the kingdom in accordance with Treaty of Nagyvárad, which was meant to last until the death of John Zápolya. The Habsburgs received a foothold in the north and west, Royal Hungary, with the new capital Pressburg.
Read more about this topic: Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
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