Market Penetration
Penetration of district heating (DH) into the heat market varies by country. Penetration is influenced by different factors, including environmental conditions, availability of heat sources, economics, and economic and legal framework.
In the year 2000 the percentage of houses supplied by district heat in some European countries was as follows:
| Country | Penetration (2000) |
|---|---|
| Iceland | 95% |
| Denmark | 60% (2005) |
| Estonia | 52% |
| Poland | 52% |
| Sweden | 50% |
| Czech Rep. | 49% |
| Finland | 49% |
| Slovakia | 40% |
| Hungary | 16% |
| Austria | 12.5% |
| Germany | 12% |
| Netherlands | 3% |
| UK | 1% |
In Iceland the prevailing positive influence on DH is availability of easily captured geothermal heat. In most East European countries energy planning included development of cogeneration and district heating. Negative influence in The Netherlands and UK can be attributed partially to milder climate and also competition from natural gas supply.
Read more about this topic: District Heating
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