Differentiation may refer to:
- Differentiation (mathematics), the process of finding a derivative
- Differentiated instruction in education
- Cellular differentiation in biology
- Planetary differentiation in planetary science
- Inductive reasoning aptitude in psychology
- Igneous differentiation in geology
- Product differentiation in marketing
- Differentiation (linguistics)
- Differentiation (sociology)
- Differentiation (economics), the making a product different from other similar products
- Differentiation (ethnography), the invention of ostensible differences between cultures