Standard Stream I/O
| read from | write to | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| stdin | stdout | stderr | |
| ALGOL 68 | readf(($format$, x)); or getf(stand in, ($format$, x)); |
printf(($format$, x)); or putf(stand out, ($format$, x)); |
putf(stand error, ($format$, x)); |
| C (C99) | scanf(format, &x); or fscanf(stdin, format, &x); |
printf( format, x); or fprintf(stdout, format, x); |
fprintf(stderr, format, x ); |
| Objective-C | data = readDataToEndOfFile]; | writeData:data]; | writeData:data]; |
| C++ | «std::»cin >> x; or «std::»getline(«std::»cin, str); |
«std::»cout << x; | «std::»cerr << x; or «std::»clog << x; |
| C# | x = Console.Read; or x = Console.ReadLine; |
Console.Write(«format, »x); or Console.WriteLine(«format, »x); |
Console.Error.Write(«format, »x); or Console.Error.WriteLine(«format, »x); |
| D | x = std.stdio.readln | std.stdio.write(x) or std.stdio.writeln(x) or std.stdio.writef(format, x) or std.stdio.writefln(format, x) |
stderr.write(x) or stderr.writeln(x) or std.stdio.writef(stderr, format, x) or std.stdio.writefln(stderr, format, x) |
| Java | x = System.in.read; or x = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt; or x = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine; |
System.out.print(x); or System.out.printf(format, x); or System.out.println(x); |
System.err.print(x); or System.err.printf(format, x); or System.err.println(x); |
| Go | fmt.Scan(&x) or fmt.Scanf(format, &x) or x = bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin).ReadString('\n') |
fmt.Println(x) or fmt.Printf(format, x) |
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, x) or fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, format, x) |
| JavaScript |
document.write(x) | ||
| JavaScript |
Response.Write(x) | ||
| JavaScript |
x = WScript.StdIn.Read(chars) or x = WScript.StdIn.ReadLine |
WScript.Echo(x) or WScript.StdOut.Write(x) or WScript.StdOut.WriteLine(x) |
WScript.StdErr.Write(x) or WScript.StdErr.WriteLine(x) |
| Common Lisp | (setf x (read-line)) | (princ x) or (format t format x) |
(princ x *error-output*) or (format *error-output* format x) |
| Scheme (R6RS) | (define x (read-line)) | (display x) or (format #t format x) |
(display x (current-error-port)) or (format (current-error-port) format x) |
| ISLISP | (setf x (read-line)) | (format (standard-output) format x) | (format (error-output) format x) |
| Pascal | read(x); or readln(x); |
write(x); or writeln(x); |
|
| Visual Basic | Input« prompt,» x | Print x or ? x |
|
| Visual Basic .NET | x = Console.Read or x = Console.ReadLine |
Console.Write(«format, »x) or Console.WriteLine(«format, »x) |
Console.Error.Write(«format, »x) or Console.Error.WriteLine(«format, »x) |
| Python 2.x | x = raw_input(«prompt») | print x or sys.stdout.write(x) |
print >> sys.stderr, x or sys.stderr.write(x) |
| Python 3.x | x = input(«prompt») | print(x«, end=""») | print(x«, end=""», file=sys.stderr) |
| S-Lang | fgets (&x, stdin) | fputs (x, stdout) | fputs (x, stderr) |
| Fortran | READ(*,format) variable names or READ(INPUT_UNIT,format) variable names |
WRITE(*,format) expressions or WRITE(OUTPUT_UNIT,format) expressions |
WRITE(ERROR_UNIT,format) expressions |
| Forth | buffer length ACCEPT ( # chars read ) KEY ( char ) |
buffer length TYPE char EMIT |
|
| PHP | $x = fgets(STDIN); or $x = fscanf(STDIN, format); |
print x; or echo x; or printf(format, x); |
fprintf(STDERR, format, x); |
| Perl | $x = <>; or $x = |
print x; or printf format, x; |
print STDERR x; or printf STDERR format, x; |
| Perl 6 | $x = $*IN.get; | x.print or x.say |
x.note or $*ERR.print(x) or $*ERR.say(x) |
| Ruby | x = gets | puts x or printf(format, x) |
$stderr.puts(x) or $stderr.printf(format, x) |
| Windows PowerShell | $x = Read-Host«« -Prompt» text»; or $x = ::Read; or $x = ::ReadLine |
x; or Write-Output x; or echo x |
Write-Error x |
| OCaml | let x = read_int or let str = read_line or Scanf.scanf format (fun x ... -> ...) |
print_int x or print_endline str or Printf.printf format x ... |
prerr_int x or prerr_endline str or Printf.eprintf format x ... |
| F# | let x = System.Console.ReadLine | printf format x ... or printfn format x ... |
eprintf format x ... or eprintfn format x ... |
| Standard ML | val str = TextIO.inputLIne TextIO.stdIn | print str | TextIO.output (TextIO.stdErr, str) |
| Haskell (GHC) | x <- readLn or str <- getLine |
print x or putStrLn str |
hPrint stderr x or hPutStrLn stderr str |
^a Algol 68 additionally as the "unformatted" transput routines: read, write, get and put.
^b gets(x) and fgets(x, length, stdin) read unformatted text from stdin. Use of gets is not recommended.
^c puts(x) and fputs(x, stdout) write unformatted text to stdout.
^d fputs(x, stderr) writes unformatted text to stderr
^e INPUT_UNIT, OUTPUT_UNIT, ERROR_UNIT are defined in the ISO_FORTRAN_ENV module.
Read more about this topic: Comparison Of Programming Languages (basic Instructions)
Famous quotes containing the words standard and/or stream:
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“Verily, a polluted stream is man. One must actually be a sea to take in a polluted stream without becoming impure. Behold, I teach you the superman: he is the this sea, in him can your great contempt go under.”
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