Charbonneau is surname given as a nickname for someone with a dark complexion (according to the Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4). The name may also refer to:
- Christine Charbonneau, pop songwriter and singer, French Québec, Canada; from 1969 to 1990.
- Charbono, a grape variety
- Charbonneau, an alternative name for the Italian wine grape Dolcetto
- Charbonneau, Oregon, a community in the U.S. state of Oregon
- David Charbonneau, American astronomer
- Éric Charbonneau, Canadian politician
- Jean Charbonneau (1875-1960), French-Canadian poet
- Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, son of Sacagawea and Toussaint Charbonneau
- Jean-Pierre Charbonneau, a Canadian politician
- Joseph Charbonneau, Archbishop of Montreal, Canada
- Patricia Charbonneau, Actress, b. 1959
- Toussaint Charbonneau, member of the Lewis & Clark Expedition
- This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.