Boundary Faults
The Highland Boundary Fault, runs from Lochranza on the Isle of Arran in the south and west through the Isle of Bute and Helensburgh, then forms the northern boundary of Strathmore before reaching Stonehaven in the north east. The fault was active during the Caledonian orogeny, a plate tectonic collision which took place from Mid Ordovician to Mid Devonian periods (520 to 400 million years ago), during the closure of the Iapetus Ocean. The fault allowed the Midland Valley to descend as a major rift by as much as 4000 metres and there was subsequently vertical movement. This earlier vertical movement was later replaced by a horizontal shear.
The Southern Uplands Fault runs from the Rhinns of Galloway in the west towards Dunbar on the east coast 30 miles from Edinburgh.
Read more about this topic: Central Lowlands
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