Geography
Capelinhos is located along the Capelo Volcanic Complex, that comprises a western area of fissural volcanism and historical eruptions leading away from the Cabeço do Fogo. The events that began in 1957 were an extension of the volcanic activity that abruptly ended at Costado da Nau, the escarpment at Ponta dos Capelinhos. Similar to the Horta Platform, the peninsula is consistent with the shapes and products resulting from Surtseyan, Strombolian and Hawaiian volcanic types. The formation is composed primarily of basaltic rocks, although, less frequently, Hawaiian hawaiitic rocks are observed.
Capelinhos is classified a Surtseyan eruption, since it was formed in the relatively shallow coast of the Faial seamount. Ironically, the volcano pre-dates the Surtseyan definition, which was first attributed to the submarine eruption of the volcano Surtsey five years later; some refer to this type of eruption as Capelinian.
Located at Cabeço Norte, a volcanic vent releases water vapour with temperatures between 180°C and 200°C from the volcano complex.
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