Brophy is a surname of Irish origin, derived from the Irish "Ó Bróithe" septs that were located mostly around Ballybrophy, Laois, and in counties Carlow and Kilkenny, Notable individuals with the surname Brophy include:
- Bernie Brophy (1903–1982), Canadian ice hockey player
- Brigid Brophy (1929–1995), English writer
- Charles D. Brophy, American priest, founder of the Cross in the Woods
- Drew Brophy, American surfboard artist
- Edward Brophy (1895–1960), American character actor
- Frank Brophy (1900–1930), Canadian ice hockey player
- Gerard Brophy, South African and British cricketer
- Greg Brophy, American politician
- Harry Brophy (b. 1916), English football player and coach
- Hugh Brophy, Irish football player
- James Brophy (1912–1994), Irish cricketer
- Jay Brophy, American football player
- Jed Brophy, New Zealand actor
- John Brophy (disambiguation), multiple people
- Keith Brophy, American programmer and author
- Kevin Brophy, American actor
- Paul Brophy (?–1986), American firefighter
- Philip Brophy, Australian artist
- Sally Brophy (1928–2007), American actress