Brabant may refer to:
Historically:
- The Duchy of Brabant, a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire between 1183–1648 covering parts of the Netherlands and Belgium, ruled over by the Dukes of Brabant
- Pagus of Brabant, a pagus (or Carolingian shire, the territory of a count) within the Frankish Empire, much of which became part of the counties of Flanders and Hainaut
- Landgraviate of Brabant, the part of the pagus between the rivers Dender and Dijle
- House of Brabant, a noble family from Lotharingia
In contemporary usage:
In Belgium:
- Province of Brabant, Belgium, which in 1995 was split up into two provinces and an autonomous region:
-
- Flemish Brabant, in the Flanders region
- Walloon Brabant, in the Wallonia region
- Brussels-Capital Region
- East Brabant, or Hageland, an area east of Brussels between the cities of Leuven, Aarschot, Diest and Tienen
- Klein-Brabant, the municipalities Bornem, Puurs and Sint-Amands in the Antwerp province of Flanders region
In the Netherlands:
- North Brabant province
- Brabantian, a dialect that formed the basis of the Dutch language
In France:
- Brabant-en-Argonne, commune in the Meuse department
- Brabant-le-Roi, commune in the Meuse department
- Brabant-lès-Villers, a commune between 1973–1982, an amalgamation of Brabant-le-Roi and Villers-aux-Vents
Outside Europe:
- Brabant, West Virginia, USA
- Brabant, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Brabant Island, Antarctica
- Le Morne Brabant, a mountain on Mauritius
Other uses:
- The Belgian (horse) is also known as a Brabant or Brabançon