Bloch is a surname.
- Jewish (Ashkenazic): regional name for someone in Eastern Europe originating from Italy or France, from Polish "Włoch" (Wloch Woloch and Beloch being surnames with the same origin) meaning "Italian" (originally "stranger / of foreign stock").
- German and Swedish: Variant of Block
- Danish: from Blok, hence a nickname for a large lumpish person, or from German "Block"
Notable people with this surname include:
- Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter
- Alfred Bloch, French footballer
- André Bloch (mathematician) (1893–1948), French mathematician
- Andy Bloch (born 1969), American poker player
- Arthur Bloch (born 1948), American writer
- Augustyn Bloch (1929–2006), Polish composer and organist
- Avraham Yitzchak Bloch (1891–1941), Lithuanian rabbi
- Bernard Bloch (1907–1965), American linguist
- Bernard Bloch (actor), French actor
- Carl Heinrich Bloch, (1834–1890), Danish painter
- Claude C. Bloch (1878–1967), American naval admiral
- Darius Paul Bloch (1882–1969), birthname of Darius Paul Dassault, French Army general of Jewish origin, who adopted "Dassault" as nom de guerre during French Resistance service
- Débora Bloch (born 1963), Brazilian actress
- Denise Bloch (died 1945), French Resistance member
- Eduard Bloch (1872–1945), Austrian physician and family doctor of Adolf Hitler from 1903 to 1907
- Emanuel Hirsch Bloch (1902–1954), American lawyer
- Ernest Bloch (1880–1959), American composer
- Ernst Bloch (1885–1977), German philosopher
- Erich Bloch (born 1925), American electrical engineer and administrator
- Felix Bloch (1905–1983), Swiss physicist
- Felix Bloch (diplomatic officer) (born 1935), American diplomat accused of spying for the Soviets
- Hans Glad Bloch (1791–1865), Norwegian politician
- Heinz P. Bloch, American mechanical engineer
- Henry W. Bloch (born 1922), American businessman
- Herbert Bloch (1911–2006), German archaeologist and epigrapher
- Herbert J. Bloch (1907–1987), philatelist of New York City
- Isaac Bloch, French rabbi
- Iwan Bloch (1872–1922), Berlin dermatologist
- Jan Gotlib Bloch (1836–1902), also known as Ivan Bloch, Polish banker and warfare expert
- Jean-Richard Bloch (1884–1947), French writer
- Joseph Samuel Bloch (1850–1923), Austrian rabbi
- Joshua Bloch (1961), American software engineer
- Jules Bloch (1880–1953), French linguist
- Julia Chang Bloch (born 1942), American diplomat
- Konrad Emil Bloch (1912–2000), American biochemist
- Kurt Bloch (born 1960), American musician
- Lucienne Bloch (1909–1999), American photographer
- Marc Bloch (1886–1944), French historian
- Marcel Bloch (1892–1986), French aircraft industrialist, founder of the firm Société des Avions Marcel Bloch; he adopted his younger brother's (Darius Paul Dassault) surname
- Marcus Elieser Bloch (1723–1799), German medical doctor and naturalist
- Mark Bloch (born 1956), American artist
- Maurice Bloch (born 1939), British anthropologist
- Moshe Rudolf Bloch (1902–1985), Israeli scientist
- Moses Löb Bloch (1815–1909), Hungarian rabbi
- Orville Emil Bloch (1915–1983), American military officer and Medal of Honor recipient
- Pedro Bloch (1914–2004), Brazilian writer
- Richard Bloch (1926–2004), American businessman
- Robert Bloch (1917–1994), American writer
- Robert Bloch (racing driver), French race car driver
- Scott Bloch, American lawyer and government official
- Scotty Bloch, American actress
- Shmaryahu Yitzchak Bloch (c.1862–1923), English rabbi
- Sonny Bloch (c.1937–1998), American radio show host
- Spencer Bloch (born 1944), American mathematician
- Susan Bloch (1940–1982), American theatrical press agent
- Thomas Bloch (born 1962), French classical musician
- Waldemar Bloch (1906–1984), Austrian composer