History
Angostura bitters was first compounded in Venezuela in 1824 by German physician Dr. Johann Gottlieb Benjamin Siegert; it was compounded as a cure for sea sickness and stomach maladies, though other medicinal uses had been discovered long before this. Dr. Siegert subsequently formed the House of Angostura, a company selling the bitters to sailors.
It was exported to England and to Trinidad, where it came to be used in a number of cocktails, following its medicinal use by the Royal Navy in Pink Gin. Angostura and similar gentian bitters can be of some value for settling a mild case of nausea. It is used to stimulate the appetite, either for food or for cocktails. Used in both apéritifs and digestifs, it settles the stomach before a meal or before a night of drinking.
Angostura bitters was named after the town of Angostura in Venezuela. It contains no angostura bark, a medicinal bark which is named after the same town.
It is used as the "starter" ingredient in a Pink Gin, where a splash (or two) of Angostura bitters is swirled around the inner surface of a tumbler before adding a generous measure of gin. The resulting drink is so named from the color imparted by the bitters. In addition to the options of drinking a Pink straight, it may also be consumed with a little water, still or sparkling. Some Pink Gin drinkers even have preference for drinking it "in" or "out", i.e., leaving in or pouring out the remaining dribble of bitters (after the glass has been "pinked") before the gin is added.
A large tumbler, similarly "pinked" and filled with sparkling lemonade, is a drink known as a Campbell. This is regarded by some as a pleasant and refreshing way to relieve a little of the sweetness of lemonade; the same drink with added lime cordial is called "lemon, lime and bitters" in Australia, and is available both as a mixed drink in bars and as a ready-made bottled soft drink.
Peychaud's Bitters is associated with New Orleans, Louisiana, and the Sazerac cocktail. It is also aromatic, showing subtle cloves and other spices on the nose.
Orange bitters are made from the rinds of Seville oranges, plus spices of varying recipes to enhance the orange flavor. Orange bitters are often called for in older cocktail recipes, which range from aromatic to fruity.
Medicinal quantities of quinine were occasionally used in old cocktail recipes. Quinine is still found in much lower concentrations in tonic water, used today mostly in drinks with gin.
The oldest and rarest of antique bottles command prices of tens of thousands of dollars.
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