Bandaranaike might be one of the following people:
- Solomon Dias Bandaranaike, (1862–1946) Head Mudaliyar (chief native interpreter and adviser) to the Governor of Ceylon
- S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike (1899–1959), Prime Minister (1956–59) of Ceylon (later Sri Lanka)
- Anura Bandaranaike (1949–2008)), Sri Lankan politician, former Speaker of Parliament and minister of National Heritage of Sri Lanka
- Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1916–2000), prime minister of Sri Lanka three times
- Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga (born 1945), Prime Minister and President of Sri Lanka
- Sunethra Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan philanthropist and former politician, older sister of Anura
- Felix Dias Bandaranaike (1930–1985), Sri Lankan politician who served as Minister of Finance, Parliamentary Secretary for Defence and External Affairs and Minister of Justice
- Pandu Bandaranaike (born 1962), Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka