Autonomous Republics of The Soviet Union - Russian SFSR

Russian SFSR

The 1978 Constitution of the RSFSR recognized sixteen autonomous republics within the RSFSR. Their current status (as of October 2007) within the Russian Federation is given in parentheses:

  • Bashkir ASSR (now Republic of Bashkortostan)
  • Buryat ASSR (now Republic of Buryatia)
  • Chechen-Ingush ASSR (now Chechen Republic and Republic of Ingushetia)
  • Chuvash ASSR (now Chuvash Republic)
  • Dagestan ASSR (now Republic of Dagestan)
  • Kabardino-Balkar ASSR (now Kabardino-Balkar Republic)
  • Kalmyk ASSR (now Republic of Kalmykia)
  • Karelian ASSR (now Republic of Karelia)
  • Komi ASSR (now Komi Republic)
  • Mari ASSR (now Mari El Republic)
  • Mordovian ASSR (now Republic of Mordovia)
  • Northern Ossetian ASSR (now Republic of North Ossetia–Alania)
  • Tatar ASSR (now Republic of Tatarstan)
  • Tuva ASSR (now Tuva Republic)
  • Udmurt ASSR (now Udmurt Republic)
  • Yakut ASSR (now Sakha (Yakutia) Republic)

Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast (now Altai Republic), Adygea Autonomous Oblast (now Republic of Adygea), and Khakassian Autonomous Oblast (now Republic of Khakassia) were all promoted in status to that of an ASSR in 1991, in the last year of the Soviet Union. Only the Jewish Autonomous Oblast retained its autonomous oblast status in Russia.

Other autonomous republics also existed within RSFSR at earlier points of the Soviet history:

  • Crimean ASSR (October 18, 1921 – June 30, 1945; now the Autonomous Republic of Crimea within Ukraine)
  • Kazakh ASSR (1925–1936, now the independent state of Kazakhstan)
  • Kirghiz ASSR (1926–1936, now the independent states of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan)
  • Mountainous ASSR (1922–1924, broken up into several smaller Northern Caucasus Republics)
  • Turkestan ASSR (1918–1924, now the independent states of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan)
  • Volga German ASSR (1918–1941)

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