Amerind Languages - Classification

Classification

The 1960 proposal, in its outlines, was as follows:

  1. Almosan–Keresiouan
  2. Hokan
  3. Penutian (incl. Macro-Mayan)
  4. Aztec–Tanoan
  5. Oto-Mangean
  6. Tarascan
  7. Macro-Chibchan
    1. Chibchan
    2. Paezan
  8. Andean–Equatorial
    1. Andean
    2. Jivaroan
    3. Macro-Tucanoan
    4. Equatorial (with Macro-Arawakan and Tupian)
  9. Ge–Pano–Carib
    1. Macro-Ge
    2. Macro-Panoan
    3. Macro-Carib
    4. Nambikwara
    5. Huarpe
    6. Taruma

Below is the current state of Amerindian classification, as given in An Amerind Etymological Dictionary, by Joseph Greenberg and Merritt Ruhlen, Stanford University, 2007.

  1. North–Central Amerind
    1. Northern Amerind
      1. Almosan–Keresiouan
        1. Almosan
          1. Algic
          2. Kutenai
          3. Mosan
            1. Chimakuan
            2. Salishan
            3. Wakashan
        2. Keresiouan
          1. Caddoan
          2. Iroquoian
          3. Keresan
          4. Siouan–Yuchi
            1. Siouan
            2. Yuchi
    2. Penutian–Hokan
      1. Penutian
        1. Tsimshian
        2. Chinook
        3. Oregon
        4. Plateau
        5. California
          1. Maiduan
          2. Miwok–Costanoan
          3. Wintun
          4. Yokutsan
        6. Zuni
        7. Gulf
          1. Atakapa
          2. Chitimacha
          3. Muskogean
          4. Natchez
          5. Tunica
          6. Yukian
            1. Yuki
            2. Wappo
        8. Mexican Penutian
          1. Huave
          2. Mayan
          3. Mixe–Zoque
          4. Totonac
      2. Hokan
        1. Northern Hokan
          1. Karok–Shasta
            1. Karok
            2. Chimariko
            3. Shasta–Achomawi
              1. Shasta
              2. Achomawi
          2. Yana
          3. Pomoan
        2. Washo
        3. Salinan–Chumash
          1. Salinan
          2. Chumash
          3. Esselen
        4. Seri–Yuman
          1. Seri
          2. Yuman
        5. Waicuri–Quinigua
          1. Waicuri
          2. Maratino
          3. Quinigua
        6. Coahuiltecan
        7. Tequistlatec
        8. Subtiaba
        9. Jicaque
        10. Yurumangui
    3. Central Amerind
      1. Tanoan
      2. Uto-Aztekan
      3. Oto-Manguean
  2. Southern Amerind
    1. Andean–Chibchan–Paezan
      1. Chibchan–Paezan
        1. Macro-Chibchan
          1. Cuitlatec
          2. Lenca
          3. Chibchan
          4. Paya
          5. Tarascan
          6. Yanomam
          7. Yunca–Puruhan
        2. Macro-Paezan
          1. Allentiac
          2. Atacama
          3. Betoi
          4. Chimu–Mochita
          5. Itonama
          6. Jirajara
          7. Mura
          8. Paezan
          9. Timucua
          10. Warrao
      2. Andean
        1. Aymara
        2. Itucale–Sabela
          1. Itucale
          2. Mayna
          3. Sabela
        3. Cahuapana–Zaparo
          1. Cahuapana
          2. Zaparo
        4. Northern Andean
          1. Catacao
          2. Cholona
          3. Culli
          4. Leco
          5. Sechura
        5. Quechua
        6. Southern Andean
          1. Qawasqar
          2. Mapudungu
          3. Gennaken
          4. Chon
          5. Yamana
    2. Equatorial–Tucanoan
      1. Equatorial
        1. Macro-Arawakan
        2. Cayuvava
        3. Coche
        4. Jivaro–Kandoshi
          1. Cofán
          2. Esmeralda
          3. Jivaro
          4. Kandoshi
          5. Yaruro
        5. Kariri–Tupi
        6. Piaroa
        7. Taruma
        8. Timote
        9. Trumai
        10. Tusha
        11. Yuracaré
        12. Zamuco
      2. Macro-Tucanoan
        1. Auixiri
        2. Canichana
        3. Capixana
        4. Catuquina
        5. Gamella
        6. Huari
        7. Iranshe
        8. Kaliana–Maku
        9. Koaia
        10. Movima
        11. Muniche
        12. Nambikwara
        13. Natu
        14. Pankaruru
        15. Puinave
        16. Shukuru
        17. Ticuna–Yuri
        18. Tucanoan
        19. Uman
    3. Ge–Pano–Carib
      1. Macro-Carib
        1. Andoke
        2. Bora–Uitoto
        3. Carib
        4. Kukura
        5. Yagua
      2. Macro-Panoan
        1. Charruan
        2. Lengua
        3. Lule–Vilela
        4. Mataco–Guaicuru
        5. Moseten
        6. Pano–Tacanan
      3. Macro-Gê
        1. Bororo
        2. Botocudo
        3. Caraja
        4. Chiquito
        5. Erikbatsa
        6. Fulnio
        7. Ge–Kaingang
        8. Guató
        9. Kamakan
        10. Mashakali
        11. Opaie
        12. Oti
        13. Puri
        14. Yabuti

Read more about this topic:  Amerind Languages