List of Alternative Models
A partial list of proposed alternatives to a Higgs field as a source for symmetry breaking includes:
- Technicolor models break electroweak symmetry through new gauge interactions, which were originally modeled on quantum chromodynamics.
- Extra-dimensional Higgsless models use the fifth component of the gauge fields to play the role of the Higgs fields. It is possible to produce electroweak symmetry breaking by imposing certain boundary conditions on the extra dimensional fields, increasing the unitarity breakdown scale up to the energy scale of the extra dimension. Through the AdS/QCD correspondence this model can be related to technicolor models and to "UnHiggs" models in which the Higgs field is of unparticle nature.
- Models of composite W and Z vector bosons.
- Top quark condensate.
- "Unitary Weyl gauge". If one adds a suitable gravitational term to the standard model action with gravitational coupling, the theory becomes locally scale invariant (i.e. Weyl invariant) in the unitary gauge for the local SU(2). Weyl transformations act multiplicatively on the Higgs field, so one can fix the Weyl gauge by requiring the Higgs scalar to be a constant.
- Asymptotically safe weak interactions based on some nonlinear sigma models.
- Preon and models inspired by preons such as Ribbon model of Standard Model particles by Sundance Bilson-Thompson, based in braid theory and compatible with loop quantum gravity and similar theories. This model not only explains mass but leads to an interpretation of electric charge as a topological quantity (twists carried on the individual ribbons) and colour charge as modes of twisting.
- Symmetry breaking driven by non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum fields above the electroweak scale.
- Unparticle physics and the unhiggs. These are models that posit that the Higgs sector and Higgs boson are scaling invariant, also known as unparticle physics.
- In theory of superfluid vacuum masses of elementary particles can arise as a result of interaction with the physical vacuum, similarly to the gap generation mechanism in superconductors.
- UV-Completion by Classicalization, in which the unitarization of the WW scattering happens by creation of classical configurations.
Read more about this topic: Alternatives To The Standard Model Higgs
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