History
Orthologs of AgRP, ASIP, MCIR and MC4R have been found in mammalian, teleost fish and avian genomes. This suggests that the agouti-melanocortin system evolved by gene duplication from individual ligand and receptor genes in the last 500 million years.
Read more about this topic: Agouti-related Peptide
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“The history of any nation follows an undulatory course. In the trough of the wave we find more or less complete anarchy; but the crest is not more or less complete Utopia, but only, at best, a tolerably humane, partially free and fairly just society that invariably carries within itself the seeds of its own decadence.”
—Aldous Huxley (1894–1963)
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—Noam Chomsky (b. 1928)