In actuarial science, the Actuarial Present Value (or APV) is the certainty equivalent (or more typically, the expected value) of the present value of a contingent cashflow stream (i.e. a series of random payments). Actuarial present values are typically calculated for the benefit-payment or series of payments associated with life insurance and life annuities. The probability of a future payment is based on assumptions about the person's future mortality which is typically estimated using a life table.
Read more about Actuarial Present Value: Life Insurance, Life Annuity, Life Insurance As A Function of The Life Annuity
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“Put on the whole armor of God, so that you may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. For our struggle is not against enemies of blood and flesh, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the cosmic powers of this present darkness, against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places.”
—Bible: New Testament, Ephesians 6:11-12.