Vocabulary
The glossary compiled by Jacob Poole provides most of what is known about Yola vocabulary. Poole was a farmer and member of the Religious Society of Friends from Growtown in the Parish of Taghmon on the border between the baronies of Bargy and Shelmalier. He collected words and phrases from his tenants and farm labourers between 1800 and his death in 1827.
Although most of its vocabulary is Anglo-Saxon in origin, Yola contains many borrowings from Irish and French.
- Interrogative words
| English | Yola | Scots | Frisian | Dutch | German |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| who? | fho? | wha? |
wa? | wie? | wer? |
| what? | fade? | whit? |
wat? | wat? | was? |
| when? | fan? | whan? |
wanneer? | wann | |
| where? | fidi? | whaur? |
wêr? | waar? | wo? |
| why? | farthoo? | why? |
wêrom? | waarom? | warum? |
| which? | wich? | whilk? | welk? | welche | |
| how? | how? | hou? | hoe? | hoe? | wie? |
- Prepositions
| English | Yola | Scots | Frisian | Dutch | German |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| about | abut | aboot | om/rond | um/rund | |
| above | aboo | abuin | boppe | boven | über |
| against | ayenst | agin | tsjin | tegen | gegen |
| among | amang | amang | ûnder/tusken | onder/tussen | unter/zwischen |
| around | arent | aroond | om | om/rond | um |
| at/by | adh/bee | at/bi | by | bij | bei |
| before | avar | afore | foar | voor | vor |
| below/beneath/under | aloghe | ablo/anaith/unner | ûnder | beneden/onder | unten/unter |
| beside/next to | besithe/neeshte | asyd/neist | nêst/njonken | naast | neben |
| between | betweesk/beteesh | atwein/atweish | tusken | tussen | zwischen |
| for | vor | for | foar | voor | für |
| from | vrom/vrem/vreem | frae | fan | van | von |
| in | i/ing | in/i' | yn | in | in |
| out | ut/udh | oot | út | uit | aus |
| over | ower/oer | ower | oer | over | über |
| through | trugh | throu | troch | door | durch |
| upon | apan/pa | upon/upo' | op | op | auf |
| with | wee | wi | mei | met | mit |
- Pronouns
| English | Yola | Scots | Frisian | Dutch | German |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| all | aul | aw/aa | al | al | alle |
| any | aany/aught | onie | enig | einige | |
| each, every | earchee, earch/erich/everich | ilk, ilka/iverie | elk | elk, ieder | jeder |
| few | vew | few/a whein | {{{2}}} | wenig | |
| neither | nother | naither | weder | ||
| none, nothing | noucht, nodhing | nane, nocht | nimmen, neat | niemand, niets/niks | niemand, nichts |
| other | ooree/oree | ither | oar | ander | andere |
| some | zim | sum | somlike | sommige | einige |
| this, that | dhicke, dhicka | this, that | dizze, dat | deze, dat | dieser, das(s) |
- Other words
| Yola | English | Scots | Frisian | Dutch | German | Irish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weisforthe | Wexford | Wexford | "Wexford" | "Wexford" (lit. "West-voorde") |
"Wexford" | Loch Garman |
| zin | sun | sun | sinne | zon | Sonne | Grian |
| loan, lhoan | land | land | lân | land | Land | Talamh |
| dei, die | day | day | dei | dag | Tag | Iá |
| theezil | yourself | yersel | dysels | jezelf dijzelf (obsolete) |
du selbst | tú féin |
| vriene | friend | frein | freon | vriend | Freund | Cara |
| a, ee | the | the | de, it | de, het | die, der, das, dem, den, des | a', an |
| dhing | thing | thing | ding | ding | Ding | rud |
| ee-go | go | gae/gang/gan | gean | gaan | gehen | imigh |
| vear | fear | fear | frees | vrees | Furcht | eagla |
| yola, yole | old | auld | âld | oud | alt | sean |
Read more about this topic: Yola Language
Famous quotes containing the word vocabulary:
“[T]here is no breaking out of the intentional vocabulary by explaining its members in other terms.”
—Willard Van Orman Quine (b. 1908)
“The vocabulary of pleasure depends on the imagery of pain.”
—Marina Warner (b. 1946)
“I have a vocabulary all my own. I “pass the time” when it is wet and disagreeable. When it is fine I do not wish to pass it; I ruminate it and hold on to it. We should hasten over the bad, and settle upon the good.”
—Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592)