Ecological Systems Theory
Urie Bronfenbrenner is generally regarded as one of the world's leading scholars to focus on the interplay between research and policy on child development. Bronfenbrenner suggests child development research is better informed when institutional policies encourage studies within natural settings and theory finds greater practical application when contextually relevant. This perspective is well defined by Bronfenbrenner, who states, "...basic science needs public policy even more than public policy needs basic science" (Bronfenbrenner, 1979, p. 8, italics in original). It is from this vantage point that Bronfenbrenner conceives his primary contribution, Ecological Systems Theory, in which he delineates four types of nested systems. He calls these:
- the microsystem (such as the family or classroom);
- the mesosystem (which is two microsystems in interaction);
- the exosystem (external environments which indirectly influence development, e.g., parental workplace);
- and the macrosystem (the larger socio-cultural context).
He later adds a fifth system, called the Chronosystem (the evolution of the four other systems over time).
Read more about this topic: Urie Bronfenbrenner
Other articles related to "ecological systems theory, system, systems, theory":
... Elements within this system can be either external, such as the timing of a parent’s death, or internal, such as the physiological changes that occur with ... need to be framed in the historical context as they occur within each system ...
... Linear dynamical systems can be solved in terms of simple functions and the behavior of all orbits classified ... In a linear system the phase space is the N-dimensional Euclidean space, so any point in phase space can be represented by a vector with N numbers ... The analysis of linear systems is possible because they satisfy a superposition principle if u(t) and w(t) satisfy the differential equation for the vector field (but ...
... His ecological systems theory holds that development reflects the influence of several environmental systems, and it identifies five environmental systems with which an individual interacts ... may be considered part of the microsystem thus the theory has recently sometimes been called "Bio-Ecological Systems Theory." Per this theoretical construction, each system contains roles, norms and ... in 1979, Bronfenbrenner's major statement of this theory, The Ecology of Human Development has had widespread influence on the way psychologists and others ...
... Chaos theory is a field of study in mathematics, with applications in several disciplines including physics, engineering, economics, biology, and philosophy ... Chaos theory studies the behavior of dynamical systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions, an effect which is popularly referred to as the butterfly ... computation) yield widely diverging outcomes for such dynamical systems, rendering long-term prediction impossible in general ...
... Interoperability is the ability of diverse systems and organizations to work together (inter-operate) ... The term is often used in a technical systems engineering sense, or alternatively in a broad sense, taking into account social, political, and organizational factors that impact ... While interoperability was initially defined for IT systems or services and only allows for information to be exchanged (see definition below), a more generic definition could be this one ...
Famous quotes containing the words theory, ecological and/or systems:
“The theory of rights enables us to rise and overthrow obstacles, but not to found a strong and lasting accord between all the elements which compose the nation.”
—Giuseppe Mazzini (1805–1872)
“The hatred of the youth culture for adult society is not a disinterested judgment but a terror-ridden refusal to be hooked into the, if you will, ecological chain of breathing, growing, and dying. It is the demand, in other words, to remain children.”
—Midge Decter (b. 1927)
“What avails it that you are a Christian, if you are not purer than the heathen, if you deny yourself no more, if you are not more religious? I know of many systems of religion esteemed heathenish whose precepts fill the reader with shame, and provoke him to new endeavors, though it be to the performance of rites merely.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)