Single Euro Payments Area - Overview

Overview

There are two milestones in the establishment of SEPA:

• Pan-European payment instruments for credit transfers began on 28 January 2008; direct debits and debit cards became available later.
• By the end of 2010, all present national payment infrastructures and payment processors were expected to be in full competition to increase efficiency through consolidation and economies of scale.

For direct debits, the first milestone was missed due to a delay in the implementation of enabling legislation (the Payment Services Directive or PSD) in the European Parliament. Direct debits became available in November 2009, which put time pressure on the second milestone.

The European Commission has established the legal foundation through the PSD. The commercial and technical frameworks for payment instruments were developed by the European Payments Council (EPC), made up of European banks. The EPC is committed to delivering three pan-European payment instruments:

• Credit transfers: SCT – SEPA Credit Transfer
• Direct debits: SDD – SEPA Direct Debit. Banks began offering this service on 2 November 2009.
• Cards: SEPA Cards Framework

To provide end-to-end straight through processing (STP) for SEPA-clearing, the EPC committed to delivering technical validation subsets of ISO 20022. Whereas bank-to-bank messages (pacs) are mandatory for use, customer-to-bank message types (pain) are not; however, they are strongly recommended. Because there is room for interpretation, it is expected that several pain specifications will be published in SEPA countries.

Businesses, merchants, consumers and governments are also interested in the development of SEPA. The European Associations of Corporate Treasurers (EACT), TWIST, the European Central Bank, the European Commission, the European Payments Council, the European Automated Clearing House Association (EACHA), payments processors and pan-European banking associations – European Banking Federation (EBF), European Association of Co-operative Banks (EACB) and the European Savings Banks Group (ESBG) – are playing an active role in defining the services which SEPA will deliver.

Since January 2008, banks have been switching customers to the new payment instruments. By 2010, the majority were expected to be on the SEPA framework. As a result, banks throughout the SEPA area (not just the Eurozone) need to invest in technology with the capacity to support SEPA payment instruments.

SEPA clearance is based on the IBAN bank-account identification and the SWIFT-BIC bank identifier. Domestic transactions are routed by IBAN; earlier national-designation schemes will be abolished by February 2014, providing uniform access to the new payment instruments. By February 2016 consumers must drop BIC sorting information for SEPA transactions, since it will be derived from the IBAN for all banks in the SEPA area.

Multinational businesses and banks have the opportunity to consolidate their payment processing on common platforms across the Eurozone. They will benefit from the efficiency of choosing among competing suppliers, offering a range of solutions and operating across borders.

The introduction of SEPA should increase the intensity of competition among banks and corporates for customers across borders within Europe. For consumers and organizations SEPA should mean cheaper, more efficient and faster payment transfers when moving euros from one Eurozone country to another.