Floating-point Numbers
A floating-point number represents a limited-precision rational number that may have a fractional part. These numbers are stored internally in a format equivalent to scientific notation, typically in binary but sometimes in decimal. Because floating-point numbers have limited precision, only a subset of real or rational numbers are exactly representable; other numbers can be represented only approximately.
Many languages have both a single precision (often called "float") and a double precision type.
Literals for floating point numbers include a decimal point, and typically use "e" or "E" to denote scientific notation. Examples of floating-point literals are:
- 20.0005
- 99.9
- −5000.12
- 6.02e23
Some languages (e.g., Fortran, Python, D) also have a complex number type comprising two floating-point numbers: a real part and an imaginary part.
Read more about this topic: Primitive Data Type, Specific Primitive Data Types
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