Distribution
Mosquitoes are very widespread, occurring in all regions of the world except for Antarctica. In warm and humid tropical regions, they are active for the entire year, but in temperate regions they hibernate over winter. Arctic mosquitoes may be active for only a few weeks as pools of water form on top of the permafrost. During that time, though, they exist in huge numbers and can take up to 300ml of blood per day from each animal in a caribou herd.
Eggs from strains in the temperate zones are more tolerant to the cold than ones from warmer regions. They can even tolerate snow and subzero temperatures. In addition, adults can survive throughout winter in suitable microhabitats.
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